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Article

Understanding Chromium Slag Recycling with Sintering–Ironmaking Processes: Influence of Cr2O3 on the Sinter Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Silico–Ferrite of Calcium and Aluminum (SFCA)

by
Ju Xu
1,2,3,
Guojun Ma
1,2,3,
Mengke Liu
1,2,3,*,
Xiang Zhang
1,2,3,
Dingli Zheng
1,2,3,
Tianyu Du
1,2,3,
Yanheng Luo
1,2,3 and
Wei Zhang
1,2,3
1
The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
2
Joint International Research Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
3
Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2024, 29(10), 2382; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102382
Submission received: 16 April 2024 / Revised: 14 May 2024 / Accepted: 17 May 2024 / Published: 18 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Topic Computational Chemistry in Metallurgy, Materials and Energy)
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Abstract

Chromium slag is a solid waste of chromium salt production, which contains highly toxic Cr(VI) and significant amounts of valuable metals, such as Fe and Cr. Recycling chromium slag as a raw sintering material in sintering–ironmaking processes can simultaneously reduce toxic Cr(VI) and recover valuable metals. A micro-sintering experiment, compressive strength test, microhardness test, and first-principles calculation are performed to investigate the influence of Cr2O3 on the sintering microstructure and mechanical properties of the silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) in order to understand the basis of the sintering process with chromium slag addition. The results show that the microstructure of SFCA changes from blocky to interwoven, with further increasing Cr2O3 content from 0 wt% to 3 wt%, and transforms to blocky with Cr2O3 content increasing to 5 wt%. Cr2O3 reacts with Fe2O3 to form (Fe1−xCrx)2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), which participates in forming SFCA. With the increase in Cr doping concentrations, the hardness of SFCA first decreases and then increases, and the toughness increases. When Cr2O3 content increases from 0 wt% to 3 wt%, the SFCA microhardness decreases and the compressive strength of the sintered sample increases. Further increasing Cr2O3 contents to 5 wt%, the SFCA microhardness increases, and the compressive strength of sintered sample decreases.
Keywords: Cr2O3; sinter; SFCA; first principles; mechanical property Cr2O3; sinter; SFCA; first principles; mechanical property

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xu, J.; Ma, G.; Liu, M.; Zhang, X.; Zheng, D.; Du, T.; Luo, Y.; Zhang, W. Understanding Chromium Slag Recycling with Sintering–Ironmaking Processes: Influence of Cr2O3 on the Sinter Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Silico–Ferrite of Calcium and Aluminum (SFCA). Molecules 2024, 29, 2382. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102382

AMA Style

Xu J, Ma G, Liu M, Zhang X, Zheng D, Du T, Luo Y, Zhang W. Understanding Chromium Slag Recycling with Sintering–Ironmaking Processes: Influence of Cr2O3 on the Sinter Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Silico–Ferrite of Calcium and Aluminum (SFCA). Molecules. 2024; 29(10):2382. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102382

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xu, Ju, Guojun Ma, Mengke Liu, Xiang Zhang, Dingli Zheng, Tianyu Du, Yanheng Luo, and Wei Zhang. 2024. "Understanding Chromium Slag Recycling with Sintering–Ironmaking Processes: Influence of Cr2O3 on the Sinter Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Silico–Ferrite of Calcium and Aluminum (SFCA)" Molecules 29, no. 10: 2382. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102382

APA Style

Xu, J., Ma, G., Liu, M., Zhang, X., Zheng, D., Du, T., Luo, Y., & Zhang, W. (2024). Understanding Chromium Slag Recycling with Sintering–Ironmaking Processes: Influence of Cr2O3 on the Sinter Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Silico–Ferrite of Calcium and Aluminum (SFCA). Molecules, 29(10), 2382. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102382

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