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Article

Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction Strategy for the Efficient and Selective Recovery of Scandium

by
Sheli Zhang
1,
Yuerong Yan
1,
Qiang Zhou
2 and
Yunchang Fan
2,*
1
School of Science and Technology, Jiaozuo Teachers College, Jiaozuo 454000, China
2
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2024, 29(17), 4007; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174007 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 7 July 2024 / Revised: 5 August 2024 / Accepted: 22 August 2024 / Published: 24 August 2024

Abstract

The recovery of scandium (Sc) from highly acidic industrial effluents is currently hindered by the use of large quantities of flammable and toxic organic solvents. This study developed an extraction system using ionic liquids (ILs) and phenylphosphinic acid (PPAH) as diluents and an extractant, respectively, to selectively recover Sc from the aqueous phase. The effect of IL chemical structure, aqueous pH and temperature on the extraction of Sc was systematically investigated and the findings revealed that ILs with longer alkyl side chains had reduced Sc extraction ability due to the presence of continuous nonpolar domains formed by the self-aggregation of the IL alkyl side chain. The IL/PPAH system maintained high extraction ability toward Sc across a wide temperature range (288 K to 318 K) and the extraction efficiency of Sc could be improved significantly by increasing the aqueous pH. The extraction process involved proton exchange, resulting in the formation of a metal−ligand complex (Sc(PPA)3).
Keywords: ionic liquids (ILs); phenylphosphinic acid (PPAH); extraction; scandium (Sc) ionic liquids (ILs); phenylphosphinic acid (PPAH); extraction; scandium (Sc)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, S.; Yan, Y.; Zhou, Q.; Fan, Y. Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction Strategy for the Efficient and Selective Recovery of Scandium. Molecules 2024, 29, 4007. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174007

AMA Style

Zhang S, Yan Y, Zhou Q, Fan Y. Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction Strategy for the Efficient and Selective Recovery of Scandium. Molecules. 2024; 29(17):4007. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174007

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Sheli, Yuerong Yan, Qiang Zhou, and Yunchang Fan. 2024. "Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction Strategy for the Efficient and Selective Recovery of Scandium" Molecules 29, no. 17: 4007. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174007

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