Comparative Kinetic Study and Microwaves Non-Thermal Effects on the Formation of Poly(amic acid) 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline (BAPHF). Reaction Activated by Microwave, Ultrasound and Conventional Heating
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. General Procedure of Polymerization Reaction
2.3. Methods of Polymer Characterization
- Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) of our polymer samples were recorded in a FTIR-Spectrum 400 Perkin-Elmer instrument.
- The solubility of poly(amic acid) samples was studied in nine different solvents dissolving approximately 10 mg polymer sample in three drops of each solvent at constant temperature of 25 °C.
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FTIR Poly (Amic Acid) Characterization
3.2. Solubility
3.3. Polymerization
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Activation Method | T(°C) | k × 103 (L mol−1 s−1) | ΔGa(KJ/mol) | Δ * | A(L mol−1 s−1) | Induction time (min) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH | 30 | 0.7 | 46.37 | 7.7 | 6.6 × 104 | 250.0 |
50 | 2.0 | 166.6 | ||||
70 | 6.0 | 16.6 | ||||
US | 30 | 3.0 | 40.99 | 2.3 | 3.4 × 104 | 58.3 |
50 | 8.0 | 6.66 | ||||
70 | 2.0 | 21.1 | ||||
MW | 30 | 5.0 | 38.67 | - | 2.2 × 104 | 16.6 |
50 | 12 | 3.3 | ||||
70 | 30 | 30.0 |
Anhydride | Amine | Solvent | k × 103 (L mol−1 s−1) * |
---|---|---|---|
Phthalic anhydride | 4-Phenoxyaniline | THF | 0.3 a |
Phthalic anhydride | 4-Phenoxyaniline | Acetonitrile | 0.1 a |
Phthalic anhydride | Aniline | THF | 0.59 b |
Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride | 4-Phenoxyaniline | Acetonitrile | 7.5 a |
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Tellez, H.M.; Alquisira, J.P.; Alonso, C.R.; Cortés, J.G.L.; Toledano, C.A. Comparative Kinetic Study and Microwaves Non-Thermal Effects on the Formation of Poly(amic acid) 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline (BAPHF). Reaction Activated by Microwave, Ultrasound and Conventional Heating. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 6703-6721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12106703
Tellez HM, Alquisira JP, Alonso CR, Cortés JGL, Toledano CA. Comparative Kinetic Study and Microwaves Non-Thermal Effects on the Formation of Poly(amic acid) 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline (BAPHF). Reaction Activated by Microwave, Ultrasound and Conventional Heating. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12(10):6703-6721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12106703
Chicago/Turabian StyleTellez, Hugo Mendoza, Joaquín Palacios Alquisira, Carlos Rius Alonso, José Guadalupe López Cortés, and Cecilio Alvarez Toledano. 2011. "Comparative Kinetic Study and Microwaves Non-Thermal Effects on the Formation of Poly(amic acid) 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline (BAPHF). Reaction Activated by Microwave, Ultrasound and Conventional Heating" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12, no. 10: 6703-6721. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12106703