Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls

Chilingaryan, Zorik; Yin, Zhou; Oakley, Aaron J.

doi:10.3390/ijms131012857

Open AccessReview

Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls

by

Zorik Chilingaryan

,

Zhou Yin

and

Aaron J. Oakley

^*

School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(10), 12857-12879; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012857

Submission received: 4 July 2012 / Revised: 30 August 2012 / Accepted: 19 September 2012 / Published: 8 October 2012

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protein Crystallography in Molecular Biology)

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Abstract

Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) concerns the screening of low-molecular weight compounds against macromolecular targets of clinical relevance. These compounds act as starting points for the development of drugs. FBDD has evolved and grown in popularity over the past 15 years. In this paper, the rationale and technology behind the use of X-ray crystallography in fragment based screening (FBS) will be described, including fragment library design and use of synchrotron radiation and robotics for high-throughput X-ray data collection. Some recent uses of crystallography in FBS will be described in detail, including interrogation of the drug targets β-secretase, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, phosphodiesterase 4A and Hsp90. These examples provide illustrations of projects where crystallography is straightforward or difficult, and where other screening methods can help overcome the limitations of crystallography necessitated by diffraction quality.

Keywords: fragment-based screening; crystallography; drug design; synchrotron radiation; X-ray

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chilingaryan, Z.; Yin, Z.; Oakley, A.J. Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 12857-12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012857

AMA Style

Chilingaryan Z, Yin Z, Oakley AJ. Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(10):12857-12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012857

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chilingaryan, Zorik, Zhou Yin, and Aaron J. Oakley. 2012. "Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 10: 12857-12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012857

APA Style

Chilingaryan, Z., Yin, Z., & Oakley, A. J. (2012). Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 13(10), 12857-12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012857

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Fragment-Based Screening by Protein Crystallography: Successes and Pitfalls

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