Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is not Related to the Incidence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. The Clinical Features and Biochemical Characteristics of Participants
2.3. Incidence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Participants
2.4. Risk Factor for Diabetic Nephropathy
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants
4.2. Clinical and Laboratory Measurements
4.2.1. Human Body Indices
4.2.2. Biochemical Indices
4.3. Assessment of Diabetic Nephropathy
4.4. Calculation of ABI
4.5. Diagnosis of NAFLD
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
References
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Variables | With NAFLD | Without NAFLD | t or χ2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | 202 | 161 | - | - |
Sex (% men) | 40.0 | 49.10 | 2.92 (χ2) | 0.09 |
Age (years) | 59.38 ± 11.43 | 60.55 ± 11.52 | 0.97 (t) | 0.33 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 8.95 ± 6.78 | 9.81 ± 7.29 | 1.17 (t) | 0.24 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.76 ± 6.18 | 24.46 ± 14.88 | 8539.50 (Mann-Whitney U) | <0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 95.61 ± 10.20 | 87.44 ± 9.80 | −7.70 (t) | <0.001 |
High blood pressure (%) | 39.6 | 49.1 | 2.66 (χ2) | 0.45 |
UAER (μg/min) | 156.84 ± 526.30 | 231.18 ± 791.98 | 16071.00 (Mann-Whitney U) | 0.85 |
FBG (mmol/L) | 8.03 ± 2.85 | 7.99 ± 2.89 | −0.13 (t) | 0.89 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.72 ± 1.89 | 9.12 ± 2.38 | 1.59 (t) | 0.11 |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.99 ± 1.08 | 4.97 ± 1.18 | −0.25 (t) | 0.8 |
TG(mmol/L) | 2.06 ± 1.15 | 1.71 ± 1.30 | 11848.00 (Mann-Whitney U) | <0.001 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.11 ± 0.30 | 1.30 ± 0.55 | 3.91 (t) | <0.001 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 3.18 ± 0.93 | 3.12 ± 0.90 | −0.71 (t) | 0.48 |
AST (U/L) | 24.59 ± 12.35 | 20.78 ± 6.61 | −3.76 (t) | <0.001 |
ALT (U/L) | 22.95 ± 15.52 | 16.44 ± 6.91 | 11131.50 (Mann-Whitney U) | <0.001 |
ABI (right) | 1.03 ± 0.16 | 1.01 ± 0.18 | 6017.50 (Mann-Whitney U) | 0.6 |
ABI (left) | 1.06 ± 0.17 | 1.02 ± 0.20 | 5874.00 (Mann-Whitney U) | 0.41 |
With NAFLD (n = 202) | Without NAFLD (n = 161) | χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Diabetic nephropathy | 75 (37.1%) | 62 (38.5%) | 0.073 | 0.787 |
Microalbuminuria | 51 (25.2%) | 41 (25.5%) | 0.502 | 0.778 |
Macroalbuminuria | 24 (11.9%) | 23 (14.3%) | 0.50 | 0.480 |
Variables | OR | 95% CI | p |
---|---|---|---|
Duration of diabetes | 1.065 | 1.014–1.120 | 0.012 |
Waist circumference | 1.077 | 1.040–1.116 | <0.001 |
FBG | 1.136 | 1.023–1.262 | 0.017 |
SEX | 0.612 | 0.326–1.150 | NS |
High blood pressure | 1.318 | 0.697–2.491 | NS |
TG | 1.226 | 0.976–1.541 | NS |
TC | 1.143 | 0.863–1.514 | NS |
ABI (left) | 0.313 | 0.015–6.570 | NS |
ABI (right) | 0.373 | 0.016–8.951 | NS |
© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
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Zhan, Y.-T.; Zhang, C.; Li, L.; Bi, C.-S.; Song, X.; Zhang, S.-T. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is not Related to the Incidence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 14698-14706. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114698
Zhan Y-T, Zhang C, Li L, Bi C-S, Song X, Zhang S-T. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is not Related to the Incidence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(11):14698-14706. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114698
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhan, Yu-Tao, Chuan Zhang, Li Li, Chun-Shan Bi, Xin Song, and Shu-Tian Zhang. 2012. "Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is not Related to the Incidence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 11: 14698-14706. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114698