The Role of Free Radicals in the Aging Brain and Parkinson’s Disease: Convergence and Parallelism
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Common Link between PD and Aging: Role of Free Radicals
2.1. Mitochondrial Dysfunction
2.2. Role of Dopamine
2.3. α-Synuclein
2.4. Glial Cells
2.4.1. Microglia
2.4.2. Astrocytes
2.5. Regulation of Calcium
2.6. Iron
2.7. Defective Mechanism
3. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Kumar, H.; Lim, H.-W.; More, S.V.; Kim, B.-W.; Koppula, S.; Kim, I.S.; Choi, D.-K. The Role of Free Radicals in the Aging Brain and Parkinson’s Disease: Convergence and Parallelism. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 10478-10504. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms130810478
Kumar H, Lim H-W, More SV, Kim B-W, Koppula S, Kim IS, Choi D-K. The Role of Free Radicals in the Aging Brain and Parkinson’s Disease: Convergence and Parallelism. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(8):10478-10504. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms130810478
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumar, Hemant, Hyung-Woo Lim, Sandeep Vasant More, Byung-Wook Kim, Sushruta Koppula, In Su Kim, and Dong-Kug Choi. 2012. "The Role of Free Radicals in the Aging Brain and Parkinson’s Disease: Convergence and Parallelism" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 8: 10478-10504. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms130810478