Elucidating Polypharmacological Mechanisms of Polyphenols by Gene Module Profile Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
Drugs | Therapeutic Uses | Targets | References |
---|---|---|---|
Imatinib | Antineoplastic Agents | Platelet-derived growth factor receptor a | [33] |
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 a | [34] | ||
Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor a | [35] | ||
Raloxifene | Antihypocalcemic Agents | Estrogen receptor a | [36] |
Iloprost | Antihypertensive Agents | Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype b | [37] |
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase a | [38] | ||
Prostacyclin receptor c | [37] | ||
Cisapride | Anti-Ulcer Agents | 5-Hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor | - |
Gastrointestinal Agents | |||
Prokinetic Agents | |||
Fluticasone | Anti-inflammatory Agents | Glucocorticoid receptor a | [39] |
Diethylstilbestrol | Antineoplastic Agents | Estrogen receptor a | [36] |
Finasteride | Anti-baldness Agents | Steroid-5-alpha reductase a | [40] |
Antihyperplasia Agents | |||
Sulindac sulfide | Rheumatoid arthritis | - | - |
Prednisone | Anti-inflammatory Agents | Glucocorticoid receptor a | [39] |
Antineoplastic Agents | |||
Estradiol | Anti-menopausal Agents | Estrogen receptor a | [36] |
Anticholesteremic Agents | |||
Dydrogesterone | Progesterones | Progesterone receptor |
Drugs | Therapeutic Uses | Targets | References |
---|---|---|---|
Tolazoline | Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists | Alpha adrenergic receptor | - |
Antihypertensive Agents | |||
Vasodilator Agents | |||
Tamoxifen | Antineoplastic Agents | Estrogen receptor a | [41] |
Bone Density Conservation Agents | |||
Finasteride | Anti-baldness Agents | Steroid-5-alpha reductase | - |
Antihyperplasia Agents | |||
Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents | |||
Sulindac sulfide | Rheumatoid arthritis | - | - |
Iloprost | Antihypertensive Agents | Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP2 subtype | - |
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase a | [42] | ||
Prostacyclin receptor | - | ||
Raloxifene | Antihypocalcemic Agents | Estrogen receptor a | [41] |
Bone Density Conservation Agents | |||
Apomorphine | Antiparkinson Agents | Dopamine receptor a | [43] |
Adrenergic receptors | - | ||
5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor a | [43] | ||
Fluticasone | Anti-inflammatory Agents | Glucocorticoid receptor | - |
Tocainide | Anti-Arrhythmia Agents | Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha a | [44] |
Drugs | Therapeutic Uses | Targets | References |
---|---|---|---|
Reserpine | Antihypertensive Agents | Synaptic vesicular amine transporter | - |
Antipsychotic Agents | |||
Mercaptopurine | Antineoplastic Agents | Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase | - |
Immunosuppressive Agents | |||
Niclosamide | Antiparasitic Agents | - | - |
Daunorubicin | Antineoplastic Agents | DNA topoisomerase | - |
Terfenadine | Anti-Allergic Agents | Histamine H1 receptor | - |
Antiarrhythmic Agents | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 a | [45] | |
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 | - | ||
Fluphenazine | Antipsychotic Agents | Dopamine receptor | - |
Dipyridamole | Vasodilator Agents | Adenosine deaminase | - |
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase a | [46] | ||
Rescinnamine | Antihypertensive Agents | Angiotensin-converting enzyme a | [47] |
Trifluoperazine | Antipsychotic Agents | Dopamine receptor | - |
Metixene | Antiparkinson Agents | Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor | - |
Drugs | Therapeutic Uses | Targets | References |
---|---|---|---|
Letrozole | Antineoplastic Agents | Cytochrome P450 19A1 a | [48] |
Triprolidine | Anti-Allergic Agents | Histamine H1 receptor | |
Pindolol | Antihypertensive Agents | Adrenergic receptor | - |
Vasodilator Agents | 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor | - | |
Norfloxacin | Anti-Bacterial Agents | DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha a | [48] |
Prilocaine | Anesthetics | Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha | - |
Estradiol | Anti-menopausal Agents | Estrogen receptor a | [49] |
Anticholesteremic Agents | |||
Doxycycline | Anti-Bacterial Agents | 30S ribosomal protein | - |
Bendroflumethiazide | Antihypertensive Agents | Solute carrier family 12 member 3 | - |
Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha 1 | - | ||
Carbonic anhydrase | - | ||
Theophylline | Bronchodilator Agents | Adenosine A1 receptor | - |
Vasodilator Agents | cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase a | [29] | |
Naltrexone | Anti-craving Agents | Opioid receptor a | [50] |
3. Experimental
3.1. Tanimoto Coefficient Calculation
3.2. Drug Target Enrichment
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Li, B.; Xiong, M.; Zhang, H.-Y. Elucidating Polypharmacological Mechanisms of Polyphenols by Gene Module Profile Analysis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 11245-11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150711245
Li B, Xiong M, Zhang H-Y. Elucidating Polypharmacological Mechanisms of Polyphenols by Gene Module Profile Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2014; 15(7):11245-11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150711245
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Bin, Min Xiong, and Hong-Yu Zhang. 2014. "Elucidating Polypharmacological Mechanisms of Polyphenols by Gene Module Profile Analysis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15, no. 7: 11245-11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150711245