Multistep Model of Cervical Cancer: Participation of miRNAs and Coding Genes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Altered miRNAs Expression in Cervical Carcinomas
Name of miRNA | Expression Level | Technic | Type of Tissue | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
miR-1 | Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Down | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-7 | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [36] | |
Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-9 | Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] |
Up | RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and cancer | [37] | |
miR-10a | Up | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and Cancer | [38] |
Up | RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [37] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [39] | |
miR-10b | Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-15a | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] |
Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [40] | |
miR-15b | Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [28] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [33] | |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [34] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-16 | Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [28] |
Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and Cancer | [38] | |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Up | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [41] | |
miR-17-5p | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [37] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [42] | |
miR-19a/b | Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [43] | |
miR-20a | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [44] | |
Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [46] | |
miR-20b | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [40] | |
Up | RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [37] | |
miR-21 | Up | Cloning | Cancer | [27] |
Up | Microarrays and RT-PCR | Cancer | [33] | |
Up | Northern blot and Microarray | Cancer | [47] | |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-23b | Down | Cloning | Cancer | [27] |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [48] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-26a | Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and Cancer | [38] |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-27a | Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | CIN 1, 3 and Cancer | [38] |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [41] | |
miR-27b | Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [45] | |
miR-29a | Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [49] |
Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and Cancer | [38] | |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [41] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-31 | Up | Northern blot and Microarray | Cancer | [47] |
Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [33] | |
Up | Microarray and Northern Blot | Cancer | [34] | |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-34a | Down | Northern Blot | Cancer | [21] |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [50] | |
miR-92a | Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [49] |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [41] | |
miR-93 | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [31] | |
miR-99a | Down | Microarrays | CIN 1, 3 and Cancer | [38] |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [49] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-99b | Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Down | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-100 | Down | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [51] |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [41] | |
miR-106b | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2,3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [40] | |
miR-125a-5p | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [34] |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
miR-125b | Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Down | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-133a | Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] |
Up | Microarray, in situ Hybridization and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [52] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] | |
miR-133b | Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] |
Up | Microarray, in situ Hybridization and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [52] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] | |
miR-143 | Down | Cloning and Northern Blot | Cancer | [28] |
Down | Microarrays, RT-PCR and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] | |
Down | Microarrays | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [53] | |
Down | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and cancer | [38] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-145 | Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] |
Down | Microarray and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] | |
Down | Cloning, Microarray and Northern Blot | Cancer | [28] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [54] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and cancer | [38] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-146a | Up | Cloning and Northern Blot | Cancer | [28] |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [55] | |
miR-146b-5p | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
miR-155 | Up | Cloning | Cancer | [28] |
Up | Microarray and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [49] | |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-191 | Down | Northern Blot and Microarray | Cancer | [47] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [34] | |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-193b | Down | RT-PCR and Microarray | Cancer | [33] |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [37] | |
Up | RT-PCR, Microarray and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] | |
miR-195 | Down | RT-PCR, Microarray and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [49] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-196b | Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [56] |
Down | Cloning | Cancer | [27] | |
miR-199a | Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] |
Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and cancer | [38] | |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] | |
miR-200a | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [31] | |
miR-200a* | Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] |
Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
miR-200c | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [34] |
Up | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
miR-203 | Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [28] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [33] | |
Down | Microarrays | CIN 1, 3 and cancer | [38] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [57] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [46] | |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [37] | |
Up | Cloning and Sequencing | Cancer | [35] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] | |
miR-205 | Down | Microarray | CIN 1, 3 and cancer | [38] |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [58] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [35] | |
Up | RT-PCR, Microarray and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] | |
miR-210 | Up | RT-PCR, Microarray and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] |
Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
miR-214 | Down | Northern Blot and Microarray | Cancer | [47] |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [59] | |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [25] | |
miR-218 | Down | RT-PCR, Microarray and Northern Blot | CIN 3 and Cancer | [26] |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [60] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [61] | |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [62] | |
miR-224 | Up | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Up | RT-PCR | Cancer | [63] | |
miR-375 | Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] |
Down | Microarrays and RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [49] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] | |
Down | RT-PCR | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [64] | |
Down | Microarray and RT-PCR | Cancer | [45] | |
miR-424 | Down | RT-PCR | CIN 1, 2, 3 and Cancer | [65] |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [66] | |
Down | RT-PCR | Cancer | [37] | |
miR-497 | Down | Microarray | Cancer | [23] |
Down | Microarray | Cancer | [32] | |
Down | Microarray | CIN 2, 3 and Cancer | [22] |
3. miRNAs Implicated in Cervical Cancer Progression
4. miRNAs Regulated by HPV Oncoproteins
5. Aberrant miRNAs Expression in Cellular Processes
5.1. MicroRNAs Involved in Proliferation
5.2. Cell Cycle and Apoptosis
5.3. Migration and Invasion
6. Construction of a Multistep Model of Carcinogenesis by Expression of miRNAs and Their Targets
6.1. MicroRNAs Misregulated in Step 1
6.2. MicroRNAs Misregulated in Step 2
6.3. MicroRNAs Misregulated in Step 3
6.4. MicroRNAs Misregulated in Step 4
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Granados López, A.J.; López, J.A. Multistep Model of Cervical Cancer: Participation of miRNAs and Coding Genes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 15700-15733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150915700
Granados López AJ, López JA. Multistep Model of Cervical Cancer: Participation of miRNAs and Coding Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2014; 15(9):15700-15733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150915700
Chicago/Turabian StyleGranados López, Angelica Judith, and Jesús Adrián López. 2014. "Multistep Model of Cervical Cancer: Participation of miRNAs and Coding Genes" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15, no. 9: 15700-15733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150915700