Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved  in Autism and ADHD

Kitagishi, Yasuko; Minami, Akari; Nakanishi, Atsuko; Ogura, Yasunori; Matsuda, Satoru

doi:10.3390/ijms16023095

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Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD

by

Yasuko Kitagishi

^†,

Akari Minami

^†,

Atsuko Nakanishi

^†,

Yasunori Ogura

and

Satoru Matsuda

^*,†

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16(2), 3095-3115; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16023095

Submission received: 28 October 2014 / Accepted: 19 January 2015 / Published: 30 January 2015

(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry)

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Abstract

A brain-enriched multi-domain scaffolding protein, neurobeachin has been identified as a candidate gene for autism patients. Mutations in the synaptic adhesion protein cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) are also associated with autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder of uncertain molecular origin. Potential roles of neurobeachin and CADM1 have been suggested to a function of vesicle transport in endosomal trafficking. It seems that protein kinase B (AKT) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) have key roles in the neuron membrane trafficking involved in the pathogenesis of autism. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is documented to dopaminergic insufficiencies, which is attributed to synaptic dysfunction of dopamine transporter (DAT). AKT is also essential for the DAT cell-surface redistribution. In the present paper, we summarize and discuss the importance of several protein kinases that regulate the membrane trafficking involved in autism and ADHD, suggesting new targets for therapeutic intervention.

Keywords: autism; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; neurobeachin; CADM1; dopamine transporter; membrane trafficking

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kitagishi, Y.; Minami, A.; Nakanishi, A.; Ogura, Y.; Matsuda, S. Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 3095-3115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16023095

AMA Style

Kitagishi Y, Minami A, Nakanishi A, Ogura Y, Matsuda S. Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(2):3095-3115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16023095

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kitagishi, Yasuko, Akari Minami, Atsuko Nakanishi, Yasunori Ogura, and Satoru Matsuda. 2015. "Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 2: 3095-3115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16023095

APA Style

Kitagishi, Y., Minami, A., Nakanishi, A., Ogura, Y., & Matsuda, S. (2015). Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(2), 3095-3115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16023095

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Neuron Membrane Trafficking and Protein Kinases Involved in Autism and ADHD

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