Subinhibitory Concentrations of Allicin Decrease Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Biofilm Formation, Adhesion Ability, and Swimming Motility
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The Synthesis of Allicin
2.2. The Effect of Allicin on Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Growth, Biofilm Formation and Dispersal
2.3. The Effect of Allicin on UPEC Biofilm Architecture
2.4. Inhibition of Allicin on UPEC Adhesion Ability and Swimming Motility
2.5. Downregulation of fimH in the Presence of Allicin
2.6. Docking Analysis of Allicin and FimH
2.7. Allicin Reduces the Expression of UvrY and Increases the Expression of CsrA in UPEC CFT073
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Allicin Preparation
4.2. Bacterial Growth and Determination of MIC
4.3. Biofilm Assays
4.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy
4.5. Cell Culture and Bacterial Adherence Assay
4.6. Swimming Motility Assay
4.7. Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)
4.8. Molecular Docking
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
UPEC | Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
UTIs | Urinary tract infections |
CAUTIs | Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections |
TCSs | Two-component systems |
Sub-MICs | sub inhibitory concentrations |
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Yang, X.; Sha, K.; Xu, G.; Tian, H.; Wang, X.; Chen, S.; Wang, Y.; Li, J.; Chen, J.; Huang, N. Subinhibitory Concentrations of Allicin Decrease Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Biofilm Formation, Adhesion Ability, and Swimming Motility. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 979. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17070979
Yang X, Sha K, Xu G, Tian H, Wang X, Chen S, Wang Y, Li J, Chen J, Huang N. Subinhibitory Concentrations of Allicin Decrease Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Biofilm Formation, Adhesion Ability, and Swimming Motility. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(7):979. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17070979
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Xiaolong, Kaihui Sha, Guangya Xu, Hanwen Tian, Xiaoying Wang, Shanze Chen, Yi Wang, Jingyu Li, Junli Chen, and Ning Huang. 2016. "Subinhibitory Concentrations of Allicin Decrease Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Biofilm Formation, Adhesion Ability, and Swimming Motility" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 7: 979. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17070979