Pathological Analysis of Ocular Lesions in a Murine Model of Sjögren’s Syndrome
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Dry Eye in Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS) Model Mice
2.1.1. Tear Secretion
2.1.2. Cytokines, Chemokines, and Growth Factors in Tears
2.1.3. Corneal Epithelium
2.1.4. Histology of Corneal Epithelium
2.1.5. Conjunctival Goblet Cells
2.1.6. Gene Expression in Corneal Epithelium
2.2. Inflammatory Lesions of Lacrimal Glands in SS Model Mice
2.2.1. Pathology of Lacrimal Glands
2.2.2. Immunological Analysis of Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands in SS Model
2.2.3. Change in Gene Expression in Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands in the SS Model Mice
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Mice
4.2. Tear Secretion Measurements
4.3. Cytokines, Chemokines, and Growth Factors in Tear
4.4. Evaluation of Ocular Surfaces
4.5. Histological Evaluations
4.6. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.7. Flow Cytometry Analysis
4.8. Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
SS | Sjögren’s syndrome |
VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
MIP-1α | Macrophage inflammatory protein-1α |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-β |
CXCL9 | C-X-C motif ligand 9 |
CXCL12 | C-X-C motif ligand 12 |
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Ushio, A.; Arakaki, R.; Eguchi, H.; Hotta, F.; Yamada, A.; Kudo, Y.; Ishimaru, N. Pathological Analysis of Ocular Lesions in a Murine Model of Sjögren’s Syndrome. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 1209. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061209
Ushio A, Arakaki R, Eguchi H, Hotta F, Yamada A, Kudo Y, Ishimaru N. Pathological Analysis of Ocular Lesions in a Murine Model of Sjögren’s Syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(6):1209. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061209
Chicago/Turabian StyleUshio, Aya, Rieko Arakaki, Hiroshi Eguchi, Fumika Hotta, Akiko Yamada, Yasusei Kudo, and Naozumi Ishimaru. 2017. "Pathological Analysis of Ocular Lesions in a Murine Model of Sjögren’s Syndrome" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 6: 1209. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061209