Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biomaterials: The Perfect Match for Cardiac Repair?
Abstract
:1. Cardiac Diseases: Epidemiology and Etiopathology
2. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
3. MSC in Preclinical and Clinical Studies for MI Treatment
4. Allogeneic Transplant Model
5. Allorecognition of MSC by the Host Immune Cells
6. Biomaterials as Co-Adjuvants for MSC Therapy in Cardiac Regeneration
7. Use of Hydrogels for Cardiac Application
8. Cardiac Patches and Cellularized Scaffolds
9. Acknowledging the Importance of the Scaffold Substrate in the MSC Cytokine Secretion Profile
10. Biomaterials Functionalization with Growth Factors
11. Future Perspective: Allogeneic MSC-Seeded and Cytokine-Immobilized Patches for Cardiac Regeneration
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ADSC | Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
BMMC | Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell |
BM-MSC | Bone-Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
FGF2 | Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor |
FS | Fractional Shortening |
Fstl1 | Follistatin-Like 1 |
GMP | Good Manufacturing Practices |
HGF | Hepatocyte Growth Factor |
IGF | Insulin-Like Growth Factor |
IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
iPSC | Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells |
LIF | Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor |
LV | Left Ventricle |
MHC | Mayor Histocompatibility Complex |
MI | Myocardial Infarction |
MSC | Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
NK | Natural Killer Cell |
PCL | Polycaprolactone |
PDGF | Platelet-Derived Growth Factor |
PGA | Polyglycolic Acid |
PGCL | Poly-Glycolide-co-Caprolactone |
PLA | Polylactic Acid |
SAE | Secondary Adverse Effects |
SC | Stem Cell |
VEGF | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor |
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ALLOGENEIC MSC | AUTOLOGOUS MSC | |
---|---|---|
PROS | Cell availability (“ready-to-use” format) Right trophic properties Lower costs in logistics | Perfect immune match Same MHC haplotype |
CONS | Low/mild immune response Shorter survival time in the implant area | Cells available at medium term Dysfunctional cells in sick/old patients Higher costs in logistics |
Formula | Biodegradability | Stiffness | E [kPa] | Cell Adhesion | Other Properties | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NATURAL POLYMERS | Gelatin | +++ | − | 0.1−30 | +++ |
| |
Collagen | +++ | + | 0.1−50 | +++ |
| ||
Chitosan | ++ | + | 0.1−50 | + |
| ||
Fibrin | +++ | + | 0.1−20 | ++ |
| ||
Alginate | +++ | − | 0.1−50 | ++ |
| ||
SYNTHETIC POLYMERS | PCL | − | +++ | >100 | − |
| |
PGA | ++ | ++ | Depends on composition | + |
| ||
PLA | + | ++ | Depends on composition | + |
| ||
PLGA | ++ | + | Depends on composition | + |
|
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Perez-Estenaga, I.; Prosper, F.; Pelacho, B. Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biomaterials: The Perfect Match for Cardiac Repair? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103236
Perez-Estenaga I, Prosper F, Pelacho B. Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biomaterials: The Perfect Match for Cardiac Repair? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(10):3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103236
Chicago/Turabian StylePerez-Estenaga, Inigo, Felipe Prosper, and Beatriz Pelacho. 2018. "Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biomaterials: The Perfect Match for Cardiac Repair?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 10: 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103236