Activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Channels in the Larynx and Associated Laryngopharyngeal Regions Facilitates the Swallowing Reflex
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. TRPV1 and TRPM8 Expression in the NPJc
2.2. SLN Response to Stimulating Solutions
2.3. Effect of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Antagonists on the SLN Response
2.4. Swallowing Reflex Evoked by Stimulating Solutions and Effect of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Antagonists on the Reflex
2.5. Effect of SLN Transection on the Evoked Swallowing Reflex
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethical Approval
4.2. Animals
4.3. Surgical Preparation
4.4. Transection of IX-ph, X-ph, and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves
4.5. Exposing the SLN and Recording of SLN Activity
4.6. Recording of Swallowing Reflexes
4.7. Stimulating Solutions and Delivery of the Solutions
4.8. TRPM8 and TRPV1 Antagonists
4.9. Immunohistochemistry
4.10. Data Analysis
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hossain, M.Z.; Ando, H.; Unno, S.; Masuda, Y.; Kitagawa, J. Activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Channels in the Larynx and Associated Laryngopharyngeal Regions Facilitates the Swallowing Reflex. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 4113. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124113
Hossain MZ, Ando H, Unno S, Masuda Y, Kitagawa J. Activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Channels in the Larynx and Associated Laryngopharyngeal Regions Facilitates the Swallowing Reflex. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(12):4113. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124113
Chicago/Turabian StyleHossain, Mohammad Zakir, Hiroshi Ando, Shumpei Unno, Yuji Masuda, and Junichi Kitagawa. 2018. "Activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Channels in the Larynx and Associated Laryngopharyngeal Regions Facilitates the Swallowing Reflex" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12: 4113. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124113