Characterization of an Integrated Active Glu-1Ay Allele in Common Wheat from Wild Emmer and Its Potential Role in Flour Improvement
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Phenotype and Karyotype Characteristics
2.2. SDS-PAGE Analysis of HMW-GSs
2.3. Molecular Characterization of 1Ay Genes
2.4. Sequences Comparison of 1Ay Alleles
2.5. Phylogenetic Analysis
2.6. Processing Quality Parameters (PQPs)
3. Discussion
3.1. Identification of Two Novel Active 1Ay Alleles
3.2. The 1Ay Sequence Variations
3.3. A Wild Emmer 1Ay Allele Was Successfully Transferred and Stably Expressed inCommon Wheat
3.4. The Wild Emmer 1Ay Might be Partly Associated with Better Flour Quality in Common Wheat
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials
4.2. Characterization of Phenotype and Karyotype
4.3. SDS-PAGE Analysis
4.4. DNA Preparation and PCR Amplification
4.5. Cloning, Sequencing, and Prokaryotic Expression of the ORFs of 1Ay
4.6. Sequence Alignmentand Phylogenetic Analysis
4.7. Flour Processing Quality Determination
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CTAB | Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide |
HMW-GS | High molecular weight glutenin subunit |
InDel | Insertion and deletion |
IPTG | Isopropyl b-D-thiogalactopyranoside |
ORF | Open reading frame |
PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
PQPs | Processing quality parameters |
SAP | Single amino acid polymorphism |
SDS-PAGE | Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
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Line | Plant Height * (cm) | Spike Number * | Spikelet Number * | Heading Date * (day) | Flowering Time * (day) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TaAy7-40 | 93.5 ± 1.2A | 12.2 ± 0.9A | 18 ± 1A | 140 ± 2A | 150 ± 2B |
CN16 | 89.3 ± 6.4A | 10 ± 1A | 19 ± 1A | 143 ± 1A | 155 ± 1A |
D97 | 79.6 ± 4.6B | 7.5 ± 0.9B | 12 ± 0.2B | 142 ± 2A | 155 ± 2A |
Germplasm | Kernel Length * (mm) | Kernel Width * (mm) | Kernel Thickness * (mm) | 1000-Kernel Weight § (g) | Grain Weight Per Plant * (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TaAy7-40 | 7.1 ± 0.3B | 3.2 ± 0.2A | 3.0 ± 0.2A | 46.6 ± 3.9A | 10.6 ± 2.8A |
CN16 | 6.4 ± 0.3C | 3.4 ± 0.2A | 2.9 ± 0.2A | 40.0 ± 4.26B | 8.9 ± 3.7A |
D97 | 8.7 ± 0.7A | 2.0 ± 0.2B | 2.1 ± 0.2B | 18.8 ± 3.32C | 3.6 ± 1.4B |
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Wang, Z.; Huang, L.; Wu, B.; Hu, J.; Jiang, Z.; Qi, P.; Zheng, Y.; Liu, D. Characterization of an Integrated Active Glu-1Ay Allele in Common Wheat from Wild Emmer and Its Potential Role in Flour Improvement. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040923
Wang Z, Huang L, Wu B, Hu J, Jiang Z, Qi P, Zheng Y, Liu D. Characterization of an Integrated Active Glu-1Ay Allele in Common Wheat from Wild Emmer and Its Potential Role in Flour Improvement. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(4):923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040923
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Zhenzhen, Lin Huang, Bihua Wu, Jiliang Hu, Zilong Jiang, Pengfei Qi, Youliang Zheng, and Dengcai Liu. 2018. "Characterization of an Integrated Active Glu-1Ay Allele in Common Wheat from Wild Emmer and Its Potential Role in Flour Improvement" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 4: 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040923