Protective Effects of Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) on Cholestatic Liver Injury
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Reduced Liver Injury in Tg BDL Mice
2.2. Attenuation of Cholestasis-Induced Oxidative Stress by the Overexpression of PRDX4
2.3. Inhibition of Inflammation Responses in Tg BDL Mice
2.4. Repressed Proliferation of Bile Ducts and Liver Cells in Tg BDL Mice
2.5. An Improved Prognosis of BDL-Induced Cholestasis in Tg Mice Compared with WT Mice
2.6. Changes in the BA Metabolism in Tg Mice
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals and BDL Model
4.2. Histopathology
4.3. Analyses of Liver Injury Induced by Cholestasis
4.4. Histology and IHC
4.5. ROS Detection
4.6. RT-PCR and Real-Time RT-PCR
4.7. Western Blotting
4.8. Statistical Analyses
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
PRDX4 | Peroxiredoxin 4 |
ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
WT | Wild-type |
UDCA | Ursodeoxycholic acid |
BDL | Bile duct ligation |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
BAs | Bile acids |
NAC | N-acetylcysteine |
GGT | γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase |
ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
Mn-SOD | Manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase |
DHE | Dihydroethidium |
TBARS | Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances |
MDA | Malondialdehyde |
ALT | Alanine aminotransferase |
AST | Aspartate aminotransferase |
IL-1β | Interleukin 1 β |
iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
IFNγ | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
CA | Cholic acid |
CDCA | Chenodeoxycholic acid |
8-OHdG | 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine |
CK19 | Cytokeratin 19 |
IBDM | Intrahepatic bile duct mass |
α-SMA | α-Smooth muscle actin |
LDL | Low-density lipoprotein |
dROM | Diacron reactive oxygen metabolites |
PCNA | Proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
DDC | 3,5-Diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine |
ANIT | α-Naphthyl-isothiocyanate |
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Zhang, J.; Guo, X.; Hamada, T.; Yokoyama, S.; Nakamura, Y.; Zheng, J.; Kurose, N.; Ishigaki, Y.; Uramoto, H.; Tanimoto, A.; et al. Protective Effects of Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) on Cholestatic Liver Injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 2509. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092509
Zhang J, Guo X, Hamada T, Yokoyama S, Nakamura Y, Zheng J, Kurose N, Ishigaki Y, Uramoto H, Tanimoto A, et al. Protective Effects of Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) on Cholestatic Liver Injury. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(9):2509. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092509
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Jing, Xin Guo, Taiji Hamada, Seiya Yokoyama, Yuka Nakamura, Jianbo Zheng, Nozomu Kurose, Yasuhito Ishigaki, Hidetaka Uramoto, Akihide Tanimoto, and et al. 2018. "Protective Effects of Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) on Cholestatic Liver Injury" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9: 2509. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092509