Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Characteristics
3. Types of Stem Cells
3.1. Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs)
3.2. Umbilical Cord-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs)
3.3. Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs)
4. Current Approaches in Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs)-Based Therapeutic Applications
4.1. The Effects of ADSCs on Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration
4.2. The Effects of ADSCs in Auto-Immune Disorders
4.3. The Effects of ADSCs on Hematological Disorders and Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD)
4.4. The Effects of ADSCs on Bone/Cartilage Repair
4.5. The Effects of ADSCs on Cardiovascular and Muscular Diseases
4.6. The Effects of ADSC on Neuro-Degenerative Diseases
4.7. The Effects of ADSCs on Radiation Injuries
5. Issues Related to Autologous and Allogeneic Clinical Use of ADSCs
6. Summary and Conclusion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ADSCs | adipose derived stem cells |
ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
AT | adipose tissue |
b-FGF | basic Fibroblast Growth Factor |
BM | bone marrow |
CCL-2 | Chemokine C-C Motif Ligand-2 |
cGMP | current good manufacturing practices |
ECM | extracellular matrix |
EGF | Endothelial Growth Factor |
G-CSF | Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor |
GDF-11, -15 | Growth Differentiation Factor-11, -15 |
GM-CSF | Granulocyte Monocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor |
GVHD | graft versus host disease |
HSCs | hematopoietic stem cells |
IFATS | International Federation of Adipose Therapeutics |
IGF | Insulin Growth Factor |
IL-1, -6, -10 | Interleukin-1, -6, -10 |
ISCT | International Society for Cellular Therapy |
KGF | Keratinocyte Growth Factor |
MS | multiple sclerosis |
MSCs | mesenchymal stem/stromal cells |
NGF | Nerve Growth Factor |
PDGF | Platelet Derived Growth Factor |
PEDF | Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor |
SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
SS | systemic sclerosis |
SVF | Stromal vascular fraction |
TGF-β | Tumor growth factor-β |
TLR2, 4 | Toll-like Receptor 2, 4 |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
UC | umbilical cord |
UCB | umbilical cord blood |
VEGF | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor |
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Stem Cell-Based Therapy | References | Cell Origin | Auto/Allo | Associated Effects | Application |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Skin | [84,85,86] | BM-MSCs | Auto | Modulation of inflammation, wound repair | Radiation burns, burns |
[87,88,89]] | UC-MSCs | Allo | Wound healing, skin improvement, neoangiogenesis and ulcer healing, decrease in features associated with AD | Burns, wound healing, severe diabetic foot, Atopic Dermatitis (AD) | |
[10,11,12,16,17,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98] | ADSCs | Auto | Wound healing, traumatic scars, facial tissue defects, post-mastectomy radiation, breast augmentation, facial rejuvenation, hair loss and growth, breast reconstitution, neogenesis across affected arteries | Soft tissue augmentation, esthetic remodeling, anti-aging, ulcers, burns, alopecia, lipodystrophies, critical limb ischemia | |
Nerve system | [99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119] | BM-MSCs | Auto Allo | Safety and efficacy, increased functional recovery, improvement, slowdown of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) progression, safety in ALS, spinal cord repair, expanded disability scale score improvement, improvement treatment of MS | Ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, ALS, chronic spinal cord lesions, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson, spastic cerebral palsy, refractory epilepsy, chronic complete paraplegia |
[5,120,121,122,123,124,125] | UC-MSCs | Allo | Recovery of neurologic function, neuroprotection from sclerosis, delay SCA progression, safety and effectiveness, feasible and safety approach in stroke, self-care in patients | ALS, hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), MS, Stroke in Middle Cerebral Artery, Traumatic Brain Injury sequelae | |
[126,127,128,129,130,131] | ADSCs | Auto | Recovery from ischemia, safety | Spinal cord injury, ALS, MS | |
Autoimmune disorders | [132,133,134,135] | BM-MSCs | Auto | improvement the clinical condition, reduction of Crohn’s disease and perianal diseases activity | Crohn’s diseases, perianal diseases, SLE |
[112,132,136,137,138,139,140] | UCB-MSCs | Allo Allo | Safety and improvement of insulin secretion after HSC transplantation, renal remission for LN patients, safety and increase T cell level, partial disease remission, Safety with adverse events | Diabete I, Diabete II, Lupus Nephritis (LN), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SS), Sjörgren’s syndrome | |
[15,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148] | ADSCs | Auto Allo | Proinflammatory cytokine decrease, improvement safety and efficacy treatment, Generation of Insulin-secreting cells, improvement in disease activity and safety | perianal and rectovaginal fistules, Crohn’s diseases, Type 1 Diabete Mellitus, refractory SLE Polymyolitis, SS | |
Cartilage | [63,117] | BM-MSCs | Auto | Good integration in bone | knee chondral lesions, cartilage defects |
[149] | UC-MSCs | Allo | Cartilage regeneration | Osteoarthritis | |
[19,22,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158] | ADSCs | Allo Auto | Tendon fibers arrangement, suppressive activity and decrease inflammatory responses, Safety, Proinflammatory cytokine decrease, improvement of knee joint | Intervertebral disc damage, Rheumatoid arthritis disease, Osteoarthritis | |
Bone | [159,160,161] | BM-MSCs | Auto | Large bone diaphysis, good scaffold integration with host bone | Durable bone regeneration, bone defects, bone segment loss, bone diaphysis defects |
[162,163] | UCB-MSCs | Allo | Decreased in healing time in bone callus formation and marrow flow | Bone nonunion, Necrosis of Femoral Heads | |
[164,165,166] | ADSCs | Auto Allo | Bone regeneration, calvarial continuity | Maxillary reconstitution, traumatic calvarial defects | |
Immune and Hematological Disorders | [167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174] | BM-MSCs | Allo, Auto | Improvement of HSC engraftment, Lymphocyte recovery, Hematopoietic recovery, Safety and no adverse events | Acute and severe GVHD, Hematopoietic malignancy |
[175,176,177,178,179,180] | UC-MSCs | Allo | Neutrophil and platelet engraftment, successful engraftment, Safety, Reduced graft failure, Decrease in GVHD symptoms | Acute leukemia, Hematologic malignancy, GVHD, Steroid-resistant severe and acute GVHD | |
[14,181,182] | ADSCs | Auto, | Improvement of HSC engraftment, immunosuppressive activity, short term hematopoiesis, Renal transplantation immuno-suppressive minimization | Acute and chronic GVHD, Hematopoiesis support, engraftment | |
Cardio-vascular and Muscle | [183,184,185,186] | BM-MSCs | Auto, Allo | improved left ventricular function, decreased cardiac arrhythmias, improvement myocardial function, Decrease in infarct size | Heart infarct, Ischemic cardiomyopathy |
[187,188,189,190] | UCB-MSCs | Allo | Improvement of muscle size and activity, stabilize muscle power in DMD, decrease in infarct size, improve left ventricular function | Becker muscular disease (BMD), Duchene Muscular Disease (DMD), Coronary chronic total occlusion | |
[191,192,193,194,195] | ADSCs | Auto Allo | Reduction in myocardial scar formation, improvement of cardiac function, safe and efficient | Myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, Heart failure |
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Mazini, L.; Rochette, L.; Amine, M.; Malka, G. Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102523
Mazini L, Rochette L, Amine M, Malka G. Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(10):2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102523
Chicago/Turabian StyleMazini, Loubna, Luc Rochette, Mohamed Amine, and Gabriel Malka. 2019. "Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 10: 2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102523