Diverse Actions of Astrocytes in GABAergic Signaling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. GABA-Mediated Signaling from Neurons to Astrocytes
2.1. GABAA Receptor-Mediated Neuron–Astrocyte Signaling
2.2. GABAB Receptor-Mediated Neuron–Astrocyte Signaling
2.3. GABA Transporter-Mediated Neuron–Astrocyte Signaling
3. GABA Transport Systems in Astrocytes
3.1. GABA Transporter (GAT)
3.2. Other Mechanisms for GABA Release from Astrocytes: Anion Channels and Gap Junction Hemichannels
4. GABA Synthesis in the Astrocytes
5. Pathophysiological Impacts
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Aβ | amyloid-beta |
AD | alzheimer’s disease |
ADHD | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
BAPTA | 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid |
Best | bestrophin |
Cx | connexin |
DAO | diamine oxidase |
EAAT | excitatory amino acid transporter |
ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
GABA | gamma-aminobutyric acid |
GAT | GABA transporter |
GFAP | glial fibrillary acidic protein |
GIP1 | G protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting protein-1 |
GLAST | glutamate aspartate transporter |
GLT | Glutamate transporter |
GPJ | gap junction |
GS | glutamine synthetase |
MAOB | monoamine oxidase B |
mGluR | metabotropic glutamate receptor |
NG2 | neuron–glial antigen 2 |
NKCC1 | Na+/K+/2Cl− co-transporter |
NPPB | 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid |
P2YR | P2 purinoceptor |
PV | parvalbumin |
SR | stratum radiatum |
SST | somatostatin |
TRPA1 | transient receptor potential A1 channels |
vGAT | vesicular GABA transporter |
vGlut | vesicular glutamate transporter |
VOCCs | voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels |
VRAC | volume-regulated anion channels |
VSOR | volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channel |
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Species | Gene | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
SLC6A1 | SLC6A12 | SLC6A13 | SLC6A11 | |
Mouse | GAT1 | GAT2 | GAT3 | GAT4 |
Rat, Human | GAT1 | BGT1 | GAT2 | GAT3 |
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Ishibashi, M.; Egawa, K.; Fukuda, A. Diverse Actions of Astrocytes in GABAergic Signaling. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122964
Ishibashi M, Egawa K, Fukuda A. Diverse Actions of Astrocytes in GABAergic Signaling. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(12):2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122964
Chicago/Turabian StyleIshibashi, Masaru, Kiyoshi Egawa, and Atsuo Fukuda. 2019. "Diverse Actions of Astrocytes in GABAergic Signaling" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12: 2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122964