Development of Natural Product-Conjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Therapies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Side Effects of Platinum-Based Cancer Therapies
3. Strategies for Reducing the Toxicity of Metal-Based Cancer Therapies
4. Natural Product-Conjugated Metal Complex Cancer Therapies
4.1. Small Molecules
4.2. Amino Acids
4.3. Lipids
4.4. Carbohydrates
4.5. Vitamin
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
BSA | bovine serum albumin |
HSA | human serum albumin |
PPT | podophyllotoxin |
ROS | reactive oxygen species |
CNS | central nervous system |
GA | glycyrrhetinic acid |
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Reference | Natural Moiety | Metal Center | Mechanism of Action or Target | Cytotoxicity against Target Cells (IC50) | Cytotoxicity against Normal Cells (IC50) | Reference Compound | Demonstrated Application in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kang et al., 2017 [51] | Benzofuran | Iridium(III) | Transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3 | 4.34 μM | 29.21 μM (LO2 cells); 32.24 μM (HEK293 cells) | Cisplatin and doxorubicin | Prostate cancer cells (DU145) |
Oliveira et al., 2017 [53] | Lapachol | Ruthenium(II) | Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) | 0.086 μM; 0.09 μM | 0.72 μM (V79 cells) | Cisplatin | Breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231); lung cancer cells (A549) |
Beauperin et al., 2017 [56] | Podophyllotoxin | Iron(III) | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) | 0.93 μM; 0.43 μM | NA | Podophyllotoxin | Breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) |
Pettinari et al., 2014 [63] | Curcumin | Ruthenium(II) | Hydrolysis | 0.20 μM; 0.27 μM | 13.0 μM (HEK293 cells) | Cisplatin | Ovarian carcinoma cells (A2780 and A2780R) |
Du et al., 2017 [64] | Taurine | Ruthenium(II) | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) | NA | NA | Cisplatin and non-natural product conjugates | Brain cancer cells (F98, A375, HeLa, and A549) |
Santos et al., 2018 [65] | l-tryptophan (Trp) | Ruthenium(II) | Human serum albumin (HSA) | 3.0 μM | 29.9 μM (MCF-10A cells) | Cisplatin and non-natural product conjugates | Breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) |
Santos et al., 2017 [66] | l-tyrosine (Tyr) | Ruthenium(II) | N/A | 3.04 μM | NA | Cisplatin | Breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) |
Ruiz et al., 2011 [67] | Levonorgestrel | Ruthenium(II) | DNA | 7.4 μM; 3.7 μM | NA | Cisplatin | Breast cancer cells (T47D); ovarian cancer cells (A2780) |
Kong et al., 2018 [70] | Glycyrrhetinic acid | Ruthenium(II) | DNA and ROS | 24.2 μM; 34.6 μM; 63.7 μM | NA | Cisplatin | Cervical cancer cells (HeLa)o breast cancer cells (MCF-7); ovarian cancer cells (A278) |
Khan et al., 2014 [72] | Carbohydrates | Organotin(IV) | Human topoisomerase Iα | 30 μM | NA | NA | Hepatoma cancer cells (Huh7) |
Hu et al., 2017 [73] | Vitamin | Platinum(IV) | Endogenous reducing molecules | 42.73 μM | 59.64 μM (LO-2 cells) | Cisplatin | Umbilical vein endothelial cell (EA. hy926) |
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Ma, D.-L.; Wu, C.; Cheng, S.-S.; Lee, F.-W.; Han, Q.-B.; Leung, C.-H. Development of Natural Product-Conjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Therapies. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020341
Ma D-L, Wu C, Cheng S-S, Lee F-W, Han Q-B, Leung C-H. Development of Natural Product-Conjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Therapies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(2):341. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020341
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Dik-Lung, Chun Wu, Sha-Sha Cheng, Fu-Wa Lee, Quan-Bin Han, and Chung-Hang Leung. 2019. "Development of Natural Product-Conjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Therapies" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 2: 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020341