Dual RNA Sequencing of Vitis vinifera during Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Unveils Host–Pathogen Interactions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Macroscopic Analysis
2.2. Dual RNA-Seq Analysis
2.3. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in V. vinifera
2.4. Predominant Functions (GO) of V. vinifera DEGs during L. theobromae Infection
2.5. Time Series Analysis of V. vinifera Genes
2.6. Inducible Defence Mechanisms during L. theobromae Infection
2.7. DEGs Involved in ET and JA Biosynthesis and Ca2+ Signaling in the Inoculated Green Shoots
2.8. Predominant GO Functions of L. theobromae DEGs in the Time Series Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Biological Material and Experimental Design
4.2. Sample collection
4.3. RNA Extraction, Library Preparation, and Sequencing
4.4. Pairwise Comparison of the Samples Based on V. vinifera Genes
4.5. Time Series Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
dpi | Days post-inoculation |
hpi | Hours post-inoculation |
GO | Gene Ontology |
DEGs | Differentially expressed genes |
PR | Pathogenesis related |
PRRs | Pattern recognition receptors |
GSTs | Glutathione transferases |
PDR | Pleiotropic drug resistance |
TLPs | Thaumatin-like proteins |
STS | Stilbene synthase |
CHS | Chalcone synthase |
PAL | Phenylalanine ammonia lyase |
ET/JA | Ethylene/Jasmonic acid |
CDPKs | Ca2+-dependent protein kinases |
FAD | Flavin adenine dinucleotide |
CaM/CML | Calmodulin/Calmodulin-like transcripts |
CTAB | Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide |
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Gonçalves, M.F.M.; Nunes, R.B.; Tilleman, L.; Van de Peer, Y.; Deforce, D.; Van Nieuwerburgh, F.; Esteves, A.C.; Alves, A. Dual RNA Sequencing of Vitis vinifera during Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Unveils Host–Pathogen Interactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 6083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236083
Gonçalves MFM, Nunes RB, Tilleman L, Van de Peer Y, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Esteves AC, Alves A. Dual RNA Sequencing of Vitis vinifera during Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Unveils Host–Pathogen Interactions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(23):6083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236083
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonçalves, Micael F. M., Rui B. Nunes, Laurentijn Tilleman, Yves Van de Peer, Dieter Deforce, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Ana C. Esteves, and Artur Alves. 2019. "Dual RNA Sequencing of Vitis vinifera during Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Unveils Host–Pathogen Interactions" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23: 6083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236083