Anti-Wrinkling and Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Pradosia mutisii Methanol Extract
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Pm-ME Characterization and its Effect on Cell Viability
2.2. Protective Effect of Pm-ME against UVB and H2O2 damage
2.3. Moisturizing and Collagen-Increasing Effects of Pm-ME
2.4. Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Pm-ME
2.5. Molecular Mechanisms of Pm-ME-Mediated Antiphotoaging and Moisturizing Effects
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Compound Analysis from Pm-ME by UHPLC, Coupled to Negative Electrospray Ionization High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC/HRMS)
4.3. Cell Culture
4.4. Cell Viability Assay
4.5. Free Radical Scavenging Activity
4.6. DAPI Staining
4.7. UVB Irradiation and the Morphological Change Assay
4.8. Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR Analysis
4.9. Plasmid Transfection and Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay
4.10. Melanogenesis and Melanin Secretion Assays
4.11. Tyrosinase Assay
4.12. Western Blot Analysis
4.13. Statistical Analysis
Data availability
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Pm-ME | P. mutisii methanol extract |
MMPs | matrix metalloproteinases |
α-MSH | α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
ROS | reactive oxygen species |
KA | kojic acid |
L-DOPA | L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine |
UV | ultraviolet light |
DAPI | 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole |
H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinases |
ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
JNK | c-Jun-N-terminal kinase |
MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
ABTS | 2,2’-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt |
AA | ascorbic acid |
RT-PCR | reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction |
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Name | Primer | Sequence (5′ to 3′) |
---|---|---|
MMP-1 | Forward | TCTGACGTTGATCCCAGAGAGCAG |
Reverse | CAGGGTGACACCAGTGACTGCAC | |
MMP-9 | Forward | GCCACTTGTCGGCGATAAGG |
Reverse | CACTGTCCACCCCTCAGAGC | |
Col-1A1 | Forward | CAGGTACCATGACCGAGACG |
Reverse | AGCACCATCATTTCCACGAG | |
COX2 | Forward | CAAAAGCTGGGAAGCCTTCT |
Reverse | CCATCCTTCAAAAGGCGCAG | |
HAS-2 | Forward | CCACCCAGTACAGCGTCAAC |
Reverse | CATGGTGCTTCTGTCGCTCT | |
Sirt-1 | Forward | CAGTGTCATGGTTCCTTTGC |
Reverse | CACCGAGGAACTACCTGAT | |
TGM-1 | Forward | AGGGAAGATCCAAGAGCCCA |
Reverse | ACTCTGGATCCCCTACGCTT | |
GAPDH | Forward | CACTCACGGCAAATTCAACGGCAC |
Reverse | GACTCCACGACATACTCAGCAC |
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Lorz, L.R.; Yoo, B.C.; Kim, M.-Y.; Cho, J.Y. Anti-Wrinkling and Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Pradosia mutisii Methanol Extract. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051043
Lorz LR, Yoo BC, Kim M-Y, Cho JY. Anti-Wrinkling and Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Pradosia mutisii Methanol Extract. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(5):1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051043
Chicago/Turabian StyleLorz, Laura Rojas, Byong Chul Yoo, Mi-Yeon Kim, and Jae Youl Cho. 2019. "Anti-Wrinkling and Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Pradosia mutisii Methanol Extract" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5: 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051043