NDRG2 Expression Correlates with Neurofibrillary Tangles and Microglial Pathology in the Ageing Brain
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Comparison of the Immunoreactive Profile of NDRG2 with a Panel of Astrocyte Markers
2.2. NDRG2 Does Not Correlate with the Expression of Other Astrocyte Markers
2.3. Not All Astrocytes are NDRG2+
2.4. NDRG2 Expression Correlates with Local Tau Pathology
2.5. NDRG2 Expression Correlates with CD68 but not with Oxidative DNA Damage
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Human CNS Cases
4.2. Immunohistochemistry
4.3. Quantitative Analysis of NDRG2
4.4. Previously Assessed Astrocyte Markers and Age-Associated Pathology
4.5. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Aβ | β-amyloid |
AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
CFANS | Cognitive Function and Ageing Study |
CFAS | Cognitive Function and Ageing Neuropathology Study |
CNS | Central nervous system |
EAAT2 | Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 |
GFAP | Glial fibrillary acidic protein |
GS | Glutamine synthetase |
NDRG2 | N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 |
NFT | Neurofibrillary tangle |
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Astrocyte Marker | NDRG2 | GFAP | GS | EAAT2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | 16.46 (11.75) | 8.49 (8.98) | 0.76 (0.84) | 29.94 (26.87) |
Median (IQR) | 14.43 (7.25–22.1) | 5.79 (2.12–11.55) | 0.51 (0.23–0.99) | 23.11 (8.42–43.61) |
Specificity | Isotype | Dilution | Antigen Retrieval | Supplier |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT8 (tau) | mouse IgG1 | 1:400 | PC, AS pH9.5 | Endogen, UK |
CD68 | mouse IgG3κ | 1:100 | MW 10 min, TSC | DakoCytomation, UK |
EAAT2 (Glt-1) | mouse IgG2A | 1:20 | PC, AS pH9.5 | Novocastra, UK |
GFAP | rabbit IgG | 1:1000 | MW 10 min, TSC | DakoCytomation, UK |
GS | goat IgG | 1:500 | PC, AR pH6.4 | Millipore, UK |
MHC II | mouse IgG1κ | 1:20 | MW 10 min, TSC | DakoCytomation, UK |
NDRG2 | goat IgG | 1:75 | PC, AS pH9.5 | Santa Cruz, USA |
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Fadul, M.M.; Garwood, C.J.; Waller, R.; Garrett, N.; Heath, P.R.; Matthews, F.E.; Brayne, C.; Wharton, S.B.; Simpson, J.E. NDRG2 Expression Correlates with Neurofibrillary Tangles and Microglial Pathology in the Ageing Brain. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010340
Fadul MM, Garwood CJ, Waller R, Garrett N, Heath PR, Matthews FE, Brayne C, Wharton SB, Simpson JE. NDRG2 Expression Correlates with Neurofibrillary Tangles and Microglial Pathology in the Ageing Brain. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(1):340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010340
Chicago/Turabian StyleFadul, Motaz M., Claire J. Garwood, Rachel Waller, Navonna Garrett, Paul R. Heath, Fiona E Matthews, Carol Brayne, Stephen B. Wharton, and Julie E. Simpson. 2020. "NDRG2 Expression Correlates with Neurofibrillary Tangles and Microglial Pathology in the Ageing Brain" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 1: 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010340
APA StyleFadul, M. M., Garwood, C. J., Waller, R., Garrett, N., Heath, P. R., Matthews, F. E., Brayne, C., Wharton, S. B., & Simpson, J. E. (2020). NDRG2 Expression Correlates with Neurofibrillary Tangles and Microglial Pathology in the Ageing Brain. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(1), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010340