In Vitro Induction of Trained Innate Immunity by bIgG and Whey Protein Extracts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Bovine Immunoglobulin G Induces Trained Immunity in Primary Human Monocytes
2.2. Minimally Processed Wheystreams SPC and WPC Induce Trained Immunity in Primary Human Monocytes
2.3. Depletion of bIgG from WPC and SPC
2.4. Effect of Depletion of Minimally Processed Dairy Streams from bIgG on the Induction of Trained Immunity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Minimally Processed Dairy Streams
4.2. Isolation of Bovine IgG
4.3. Depletion of Minimally Processed Dairy Streams from bIgG
4.4. bIgG Quantification in Depleted Dairy Stream and Isolated bIgG Samples
4.5. Training Experiment with Human Primary Monocytes
4.5.1. Training Agents
4.5.2. Training Experiment
4.5.3. Cytokine Concentration in Supernatant
4.5.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
SPC | Serum protein concentrate |
WPC | Whey protein concentrate |
bIgG | Bovine immunoglobulin G |
PBMC | Periperhal blood mononuclear cell |
BCG | Bacille Calmette–Guérin |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
TLR | Toll-like receptor |
IL | Interleukin |
oxLDL | Oxidized low-density lipoprotein |
BSA | Bovine serum albumin |
APCs | Antigen-presenting cells |
DCs | Dendritic cells |
DPBS | Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline |
RT | Room temperature |
HRP | Horseradish peroxidase |
FBS | Fetal bovine serum |
Pen/strep | Penicillin/streptomycin |
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Hellinga, A.H.; Tsallis, T.; Eshuis, T.; Triantis, V.; Ulfman, L.H.; van Neerven, R.J.J. In Vitro Induction of Trained Innate Immunity by bIgG and Whey Protein Extracts. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 9077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239077
Hellinga AH, Tsallis T, Eshuis T, Triantis V, Ulfman LH, van Neerven RJJ. In Vitro Induction of Trained Innate Immunity by bIgG and Whey Protein Extracts. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(23):9077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239077
Chicago/Turabian StyleHellinga, Anneke H., Theodoros Tsallis, Talitha Eshuis, Vassilis Triantis, Laurien H. Ulfman, and R. J. Joost van Neerven. 2020. "In Vitro Induction of Trained Innate Immunity by bIgG and Whey Protein Extracts" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 23: 9077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239077