Ralstonia solanacearum elicitor RipX Induces Defense Reaction by Suppressing the Mitochondrial atpA Gene in Host Plant
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Expression of RipX1 or RipX3 Induces a Defense Reaction in N. benthamiana
2.2. External Application of RipX1 and RipX3 Proteins Induces Macroscopic HR Reactions
2.3. Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of RipX-Interacting Protein ATPA from N. benthamiana
2.4. RipX Interacts with ATPA at the Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm
2.5. Silencing of atpA Gene in N. benthamiana Has No Effect on HR Induction by RipX but Improves Resistance to R. solanacearum
2.6. Expression of RipX1 Suppresses the Transcription of atpA Gene
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and Cultivation
4.2. Bacterial Strains and Plasmids
4.3. DNA Manipulation
4.4. Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Expression
4.5. Histochemical Staining
4.6. Confocal Microscopy
4.7. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR)
4.8. Examination of the HR Reaction Induced by RipX
4.9. Y2H
4.10. Split-Luciferase Complementation Assay
4.11. Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS)
4.12. Resistance of N. benthamiana to Bacterial Wilt
4.13. Promoter Activity Assays
4.14. Western Blot Analysis
4.15. Sequence and Data Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sun, T.; Wu, W.; Wu, H.; Rou, W.; Zhou, Y.; Zhuo, T.; Fan, X.; Hu, X.; Zou, H. Ralstonia solanacearum elicitor RipX Induces Defense Reaction by Suppressing the Mitochondrial atpA Gene in Host Plant. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062000
Sun T, Wu W, Wu H, Rou W, Zhou Y, Zhuo T, Fan X, Hu X, Zou H. Ralstonia solanacearum elicitor RipX Induces Defense Reaction by Suppressing the Mitochondrial atpA Gene in Host Plant. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(6):2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062000
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Tingyan, Wei Wu, Haoxiang Wu, Wei Rou, Yinghui Zhou, Tao Zhuo, Xiaojing Fan, Xun Hu, and Huasong Zou. 2020. "Ralstonia solanacearum elicitor RipX Induces Defense Reaction by Suppressing the Mitochondrial atpA Gene in Host Plant" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 6: 2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062000