Reconsidering the Role of Melatonin in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mechanisms of Melatonin
3. A Role for Melatonin in Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy?
3.1. Modulation of the Circadian Clock by Melatonin in RA
3.2. Adverse Effects of Melatonin in RA
3.3. Neutral or Beneficial Effects of Melatonin in RA
4. Summary
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AA | Adjuvant-induced arthritis |
ACPA | Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies |
BCG | Bacillus Calmette-Guérin |
Ca2+ | Calcium |
cAMP | Cyclic 3′,5′-AMP |
CIA | Collagen-induced arthritis |
DMARD | Disease-modifying antirheumaticdrug |
ECM | Extracellular matrix |
ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
FLS | Fibroblast-like synoviocytes |
GM-CSF | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
IFN | Interferon |
IL | Interleukin |
Met-Enk | Met-enkephalin |
MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
MT1/2 | High-affinity G protein-coupled melatonin receptors |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
NO | Nitric oxide |
Nrf2 | Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
OA | Osteoarthritis |
PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
TGF | Transforming growth factor |
Th1 | Human T helper type 1 |
TNF | Tumor necrosis factor |
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Adverse/Neutral/Beneficial | Sample/Animal Model/Cell Line | Melatonin Level | Effects | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adverse | CIA mice | | RA | | [40] |
Adverse | CIA mice (pinealectomy) | | Serum anti-CII RA | | [41] |
Adverse | RA synovial macrophages/myeloid monocytic cells (THP-1) | | IL-12 NO | [33] | |
Adverse | CIA rats | | Anti-collagen antibodies IL-1β and IL-6 | | [32] |
Neutral | Treatment with melatonin | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and neopterin | | [35] | |
Neutral | RA patients’ plasma levels | | [36] | ||
Beneficial | Treatment with melatonin | MMP-9 | | [46] | |
Beneficial | Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) | Treatment with melatonin | P21/P27 FLS proliferation | | [48] |
Beneficial | Synovial fibroblasts | Treatment with melatonin | miR-3150a-3p IL-1β and TNF-α | | [20] |
Beneficial | Treatment with melatonin | TLR/MAPK Nrf2 | | [15] | |
Beneficial | Treatment with melatonin | ROS and RNS glutathione and antioxidant enzymes | | [28] | |
Beneficial | Osteoblast cells | Treatment with melatonin | miR-590-3p Apoptosis | | [55] |
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MacDonald, I.J.; Huang, C.-C.; Liu, S.-C.; Tang, C.-H. Reconsidering the Role of Melatonin in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082877
MacDonald IJ, Huang C-C, Liu S-C, Tang C-H. Reconsidering the Role of Melatonin in Rheumatoid Arthritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(8):2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082877
Chicago/Turabian StyleMacDonald, Iona J., Chien-Chung Huang, Shan-Chi Liu, and Chih-Hsin Tang. 2020. "Reconsidering the Role of Melatonin in Rheumatoid Arthritis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8: 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082877