Small RNA, Transcriptome and Degradome Analysis of the Transgenerational Heat Stress Response Network in Durum Wheat
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Physiological, Grain Quality and Yield Performance of Two Durum Wheat Varieties under the Effects of Transgenerational and Progeny Heat Stress
2.2. Analysis of the miRNAome and Differentially Expressed miRNAs (DEMs)
2.3. Analysis of the mRNA Transcriptome, Degradome and Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs)
2.4. Identification of Key miRNA-mRNA Modules with Integrated Omics Analysis
2.5. qPCR Profiling of Stress-Responsive DEMs and DEGs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Glasshouse Growing Conditions and Stress Treatments
4.2. Evaluation of Crop Performance and Statistical Analysis
4.3. High-Throughput Small RNA Sequencing, Transcriptome Sequencing and Degradome Sequencing
4.4. Intergrated Omics Analysis and Functional Enrichment Analyses of Genes
4.5. qPCR Profiling of DEMs and DEGs
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Grain Weight (g) | Grain Number | Biomass (g) | Harvest Index | 1000-Grain Weight (g) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AtCC | 12.82 ± 0.31 a | 330.38 ± 6.72 a | 25.92 ± 0.36 a | 0.496 ± 0.017 a | 38.98 ± 1.48 |
AtCH | 10.36 ± 0.72 b | 273.43 ± 13.29 bc | 23.56 ± 0.52 b | 0.437 ± 0.021 b | 37.99 ± 2.00 |
AtHC | 12.18 ± 0.27 a | 306.13 ± 5.54 ab | 25.73 ± 0.37 a | 0.473 ± 0.005 ab | 39.84 ± 0.85 |
AtHH | 10.50 ± 0.49 b | 271.50 ± 18.50 b | 23.52 ± 0.71 b | 0.446 ± 0.013 b | 39.40 ± 2.01 |
F pr. | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.037 | 0.879 |
LSD | 1.35 | 35.27 | 1.48 | 0.043 | n.a. |
AuCC | 13.67 ± 0.23 b | 283.00 ± 6.34 b | 24.65 ± 0.23 b | 0.555 ± 0.008 ab | 48.35 ± 0.54 |
AuCH | 11.23 ± 0.43 c | 250.50 ± 12.45 c | 21.16 ± 0.47 c | 0.530 ± 0.013 bc | 45.12 ± 1.11 |
AuHC | 14.80 ± 0.18 a | 325.25 ± 8.03 a | 26.38 ± 0.30 a | 0.561 ± 0.002 a | 45.66 ± 1.03 |
AuHH | 12.94 ± 0.43 b | 286.88 ± 15.19 b | 24.69 ± 0.54 b | 0.523 ± 0.008 c | 45.52 ± 1.30 |
F pr. | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.013 | 0.132 |
LSD | 0.97 | 32.07 | 1.18 | 0.026 | n.a. |
Grain Protein Content (GPC%) | Total Starch Content (TSC%) | Flour Yellowness (*b) | Plant Height (cm) | Tiller Number | Main Spike Length (cm) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AtCC | 11.66 ± 0.31 b | 52.03 ± 6.72 c | 22.89 ± 0.23 | 70.40 ± 1.00 | 5.50 ± 0.27 | 8.79 ± 0.07 b |
AtCH | 14.21 ± 1.06 a | 55.10 ± 13.29 bc | 22.99 ± 0.26 | 71.46 ± 1.32 | 5.14 ± 0.14 | 8.83 ± 0.14 b |
AtHC | 11.72 ± 0.26 b | 61.18 ± 1.61 a | 23.09 ± 0.31 | 70.39 ± 1.23 | 5.50 ± 0.19 | 9.09 ± 0.10 ab |
AtHH | 13.39 ± 0.33 ab | 58.65 ± 1.31 ab | 23.35 ± 0.24 | 73.30 ± 1.28 | 5.38 ± 0.32 | 9.35 ± 0.15 a |
F pr. | 0.024 | 0.011 | 0.644 | 0.286 | 0.726 | 0.007 |
LSD | 1.826 | 5.125 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 0.34 |
AuCC | 11.90 ± 0.23 b | 54.03 ± 1.32 ab | 21.24 ± 0.36 | 71.04 ± 1.56 | 5.50 ± 0.19 | 8.80 ± 0.13 |
AuCH | 13.18 ± 0.58 a | 51.82 ± 1.16 b | 21.27 ± 0.30 | 74.21 ± 0.75 | 5.25 ± 0.37 | 8.93 ± 0.13 |
AuHC | 11.82 ± 0.22 b | 56.13 ± 0.91 a | 21.93 ± 0.28 | 75.78 ± 1.02 | 5.63 ± 0.26 | 9.01 ± 0.17 |
AuHH | 12.85 ± 0.28 ab | 56.41 ± 1.06 a | 21.99 ± 0.29 | 73.43 ± 1.33 | 6.00 ± 0.38 | 9.01 ± 0.10 |
F pr. | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.210 | 0.066 | 0.397 | 0.654 |
LSD | 1.102 | 3.456 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
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Liu, H.; Able, A.J.; Able, J.A. Small RNA, Transcriptome and Degradome Analysis of the Transgenerational Heat Stress Response Network in Durum Wheat. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5532. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115532
Liu H, Able AJ, Able JA. Small RNA, Transcriptome and Degradome Analysis of the Transgenerational Heat Stress Response Network in Durum Wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(11):5532. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115532
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Haipei, Amanda J. Able, and Jason A. Able. 2021. "Small RNA, Transcriptome and Degradome Analysis of the Transgenerational Heat Stress Response Network in Durum Wheat" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11: 5532. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115532