Screening of Human Gut Bacterial Culture Collection Identifies Species That Biotransform Quercetin into Metabolites with Anticancer Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Screening the Human Gut Bacterial Library for Quercetin-Degrading Strains
2.2. HPLC Analysis of Bacillus Glycinifermentans and Flavonifractor Plautii Revealed Different Metabolites Produced Following Quercetin Degradation
2.3. Degradation Kinetics and Different End Products Suggested Different Mechanisms of Quercetin Degradation by B. glycinifermentans and F. plautii
2.4. Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Revealed the Differential Expression of Genes in B. glycinifermentans and F. plautii upon Exposure to Quercetin
2.5. DOPAC Inhibited Cancer Cell Colony Formation
2.6. Clonogenic Assay Using the HCT-116 Cells with the Spent Bacterial Culture Supernatants
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Bacterial Culture Medium
4.2. Screening for Bacterial Species Capable of Metabolizing Quercetin
4.3. DPH Assay
4.4. UV-Visible Absorbance Spectroscopy
4.5. HPLC Analysis for the Detection of Quercetin/Metabolites in Bacterial Culture Supernatants
4.6. Lysis of Bacteria and Assay for Determination of Quercetin Degrading Enzyme Activity
4.7. Bacterial Whole Genome Sequencing
4.8. RNA Isolation and Transcriptomic Analysis
4.9. Synthesis and Sequencing of cDNA
4.10. Clonogenic Assay
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pathway ID | Pathway Name | Number of Differentially Expressed Genes |
---|---|---|
bgy01110 | Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites | 60 |
bgy03010 | Ribosome | 45 |
bgy01120 | Microbial metabolism in diverse environments | 30 |
bgy01200 | Carbon metabolism | 25 |
bgy01230 | Biosynthesis of amino acids | 23 |
bgy00230 | Purine metabolism | 20 |
bgy01240 | Biosynthesis of cofactors | 20 |
bgy00190 | Oxidative phosphorylation | 13 |
bgy00010 | Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis | 12 |
bgy00250 | Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism | 9 |
bgy03018 | RNA degradation | 9 |
bgy00680 | Methane metabolism | 8 |
bgy00680 | Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) | 8 |
bgy00030 | Pentose phosphate pathway | 7 |
bgy02024 | Quorum sensing | 7 |
bgy00630 | Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism | 6 |
bgy00620 | Pyruvate metabolism | 6 |
bgy00260 | Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism | 5 |
bgy01210 | 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism | 5 |
bgy00670 | One carbon pool by folate | 5 |
bgy02020 | Two-component system | 4 |
bgy02010 | ABC transporters | 4 |
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Sankaranarayanan, R.; Sekhon, P.K.; Ambat, A.; Nelson, J.; Jose, D.; Bhat, G.J.; Scaria, J. Screening of Human Gut Bacterial Culture Collection Identifies Species That Biotransform Quercetin into Metabolites with Anticancer Properties. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 7045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137045
Sankaranarayanan R, Sekhon PK, Ambat A, Nelson J, Jose D, Bhat GJ, Scaria J. Screening of Human Gut Bacterial Culture Collection Identifies Species That Biotransform Quercetin into Metabolites with Anticancer Properties. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(13):7045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137045
Chicago/Turabian StyleSankaranarayanan, Ranjini, Prabhjot Kaur Sekhon, Achuthan Ambat, Julia Nelson, Davis Jose, G. Jayarama Bhat, and Joy Scaria. 2021. "Screening of Human Gut Bacterial Culture Collection Identifies Species That Biotransform Quercetin into Metabolites with Anticancer Properties" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13: 7045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137045