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Volume 22
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10.3390/ijms22168531
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Review

The Clinical Significance of Drug–Food Interactions of Direct Oral Anticoagulants

by
Grzegorz Grześk
1,
Daniel Rogowicz
1,*,
Łukasz Wołowiec
1,
Agnieszka Ratajczak
1,
Wojciech Gilewski
1,
Małgorzata Chudzińska
2,
Anna Sinkiewicz
3 and
Joanna Banach
1
1
Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
2
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dębowa 3 Street, 85-626 Bydgoszcz, Poland
3
Department of Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics, University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 8531; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168531
Submission received: 5 July 2021 / Revised: 5 August 2021 / Accepted: 6 August 2021 / Published: 8 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Benefits of Resveratrol 3.0)
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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in the world. For almost 60 years, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) were the mainstay of anticoagulation therapy, but in recent years direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become the anticoagulant treatment of choice. DOACs were initially considered drugs with no significant food interactions; however, clinical observations from daily practice have proved otherwise as interactions with food ingredients have been reported. Food, dietary supplements or herbs may contain substances that, when administered concomitantly with DOACs, can potentially affect the plasma concentration of the drugs. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the clinical significance of drug–food interactions of DOACs, such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban and betrixaban. Patients treated with anticoagulants should avoid products containing St. John’s wort and take special care with other food ingredients. As the interest in dietary supplements is on the rise, healthcare providers can contribute to the development of well-designed clinical trials on interactions between DOACs and food, and distribute sufficient knowledge about the proper use of these supplements among patients.
Keywords: resveratrol supplementation; dabigatran; rivaroxaban; apixaban; edoxaban; betrixaban; dietary supplements; food interaction; treatment resveratrol supplementation; dabigatran; rivaroxaban; apixaban; edoxaban; betrixaban; dietary supplements; food interaction; treatment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Grześk, G.; Rogowicz, D.; Wołowiec, Ł.; Ratajczak, A.; Gilewski, W.; Chudzińska, M.; Sinkiewicz, A.; Banach, J. The Clinical Significance of Drug–Food Interactions of Direct Oral Anticoagulants. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 8531. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168531

AMA Style

Grześk G, Rogowicz D, Wołowiec Ł, Ratajczak A, Gilewski W, Chudzińska M, Sinkiewicz A, Banach J. The Clinical Significance of Drug–Food Interactions of Direct Oral Anticoagulants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(16):8531. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168531

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grześk, Grzegorz, Daniel Rogowicz, Łukasz Wołowiec, Agnieszka Ratajczak, Wojciech Gilewski, Małgorzata Chudzińska, Anna Sinkiewicz, and Joanna Banach. 2021. "The Clinical Significance of Drug–Food Interactions of Direct Oral Anticoagulants" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16: 8531. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168531

APA Style

Grześk, G., Rogowicz, D., Wołowiec, Ł., Ratajczak, A., Gilewski, W., Chudzińska, M., Sinkiewicz, A., & Banach, J. (2021). The Clinical Significance of Drug–Food Interactions of Direct Oral Anticoagulants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(16), 8531. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168531

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