Zinc Favors Triple-Negative Breast Cancer’s Microenvironment Modulation and Cell Plasticity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of Cellular Zinc Content in TNBC Cell Lines
2.2. TNBC Zinc Modulation in Cell Migration, Motility, and Invasion
2.3. Implication of Zinc Homeostasis in TNBC Brain Microenvironment Modulation
2.4. Role of Zinc in Cell Proliferation
2.5. Influence of Zinc on CSC Tumorigenicity
2.6. Influence of Zinc on CSC Tumorigenicity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture
4.2. Zinc Measurements
4.3. Cell Viability and Proliferation Assays
4.4. Real-Time RT PCR
4.5. Western Blotting
4.6. Tumorsphere Formation and Analysis
4.7. Migration Assay
4.8. Invasion Assay
4.9. Immunostaining
4.10. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primers | Forward Sequence (5′→3′) | Reverse Sequence (3′→5′) |
---|---|---|
Zip1 | GATTGGGGAAGACACTTGACTGCT | GAAAGAGGAAGGGGATTTGTTTGG |
Zip2 | CCCTTGTCCTCTTGCTGTCACTCT | AGCTCCCGTGGAAGAATTTCTAGG |
Zip3 | GTGGAGATATGAGGACCCCCTGTT | GATGAACTCAGCGCTAACCGATCT |
Zip4 | AGACTGAGCCCAGAGTTGAGGCTA | TGTCGCAGAGTGCTACGTAGAGGA |
Zip5 | GAGCAGGAGCAGAACCATTACCTG | CAATGAGTGGTCCAGCAACAGAAG |
Zip6 | CATAGCCATGAAGAACCAGCAATG | GAGAATCAAAGTGGGAGGGCTCTT |
Zip7 | ACTGAAGGAGGAGCAGTGGACAGT | AGGCCCTAATGCCAAAGTAACCAT |
Zip8 | CCTCGGATTGATTTTGACTCCACT | AGCAGGATTTGCATAGCATGTCAC |
Zip9 | GCCTAAAGAACTGGAAAGCCCACT | GTGTTTCACTTGCTTGGTGGTGTT |
Zip10 | TAGCCGTCTTCTGTCATGACTGC | TCATAGAGGGCAATCACCAGCATA |
Zip11 | TCTCCTAAGCATTTTGGTGGCCTA | TCTCTTCTTTCCACAGGGCTCACT |
Zip12 | CAACCACTCAAGAAGCCTCATCAA | AAGTACTGCCTGGTGAAAGCCAAG |
Zip13 | AAGAAGATCGGGCTCCTGACAAC | GAGAACAGCACCATTACCACGATG |
Zip14 | CATTTGGTTTCAACCCTCTGGAAG | TTTCAGCCAGTAGCAAGCACTCTG |
SerpinB2 | GTTCATGCAGCAGATCCAGA | CGCAGACTTCTCACCAAACA |
Metallothionein-1 | ATCTGCAAAGGGACGTCAGA | ACGGGTCAGGGTTGTACAAA |
Metallothionein-2 | TCCTGCAAGAAAAGCTGCTG | TCTTTACATCTGGGAGCGGG |
Metallothionein-3 | ACACACAGTCCTTGGCACAC | AAGTGCGAGGGATGCAAAT′. |
Metallothionein-4 | GTGTCTGCATGTCTGGAGGA | TCTGAGCCTCCTTTGCAGAT |
ZEB1 | GATGATGAATGCGAGTCAGATGC | ACAGCAGTGTCTTGTTGTTGT |
ZEB1-AS1 | CCGTGGGCACTGCTGAAT | CTGCTGGCAAGCGGAACT |
Oct4 | ACATCAAAGCTCTGCAGAAAGAACT | CTGAATACCTTCCCAAATAGAACCC |
Sox2 | AAATGGGAGGGGTGCAAAAGAGGAG | CAGCTGTCATTTGCTGTGGGTGATG |
Nanog | ACATGCAACCTGAAGACGTGTG | CATGGAAACCAGAACACGTGG |
GAPDH | GGAGTCCACTGGCGTCTTC | TGGCTCCCCCCTGCAAATG |
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Vogel-González, M.; Musa-Afaneh, D.; Rivera Gil, P.; Vicente, R. Zinc Favors Triple-Negative Breast Cancer’s Microenvironment Modulation and Cell Plasticity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 9188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179188
Vogel-González M, Musa-Afaneh D, Rivera Gil P, Vicente R. Zinc Favors Triple-Negative Breast Cancer’s Microenvironment Modulation and Cell Plasticity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(17):9188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179188
Chicago/Turabian StyleVogel-González, Marina, Dunia Musa-Afaneh, Pilar Rivera Gil, and Rubén Vicente. 2021. "Zinc Favors Triple-Negative Breast Cancer’s Microenvironment Modulation and Cell Plasticity" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17: 9188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179188