Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exacerbate Allergic Airway Inflammation via TXNIP Upregulation in a Mouse Model of Asthma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Physicochemical Characterization of TiO2NPs
2.2. Effects of TiO2NPs on AHR and Inflammatory Cell Counts
2.3. Effects of TiO2NPs on Cytokine Production and OVA-Specific IgE Levels in Serum
2.4. Effects of TiO2NPs on Airway Inflammation and Mucous Secretion in OVA-Induced Mice
2.5. Effects of TiO2NPs on TXNIP and Apoptotic Protein Expression
2.6. Effects of TiO2NPs on the Production of Proinflammatory Mediators in NCI-H292 Cells
2.7. Effects of TiO2NPs on TXNIP and Apoptosis Protein Expression in NCI-H292 Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Characterization of TiO2NPs
4.2. Experimental Procedure for Allergic Asthma Induction
4.3. Measurement of Airway AHR
4.4. Collection of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF) and Cell Counting
4.5. Cytokines Assay
4.6. Histopathology and IHC
4.7. Western Blot Analysis
4.8. Cell Culture
4.9. Cell Viability Assay
4.10. Measurement of mRNA Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines in NCI–H292 Cells
4.11. Small Interfering RNA Transfection of NCI-H292 Cells
4.12. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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BET Surface Area (m2/g) | ICP-MS (mg/g) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40.45 | VC | TiO2NPs 5 | TiO2NPs 10 | TiO2NPs 20 | ||||
0.38 ± 0.032 | 2.88 ± 0.311 | 5.68 ± 0.597 | 6.69 ± 0.613 | |||||
Single point Surface area (m2/g) | VC | OVA | OVA + TiO2NPs 5 | OVA + TiO2NPs 10 | OVA + TiO2NPs 20 | |||
39.38 | 0.34 ± 0.056 | 0.32 ± 0.042 | 2.53 ± 0.397 | 6.43 ± 0.617 | 7.94 ± 0.673 |
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Lim, J.-O.; Lee, S.-J.; Kim, W.-I.; Pak, S.-W.; Moon, C.; Shin, I.-S.; Heo, J.-D.; Ko, J.-W.; Kim, J.-C. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exacerbate Allergic Airway Inflammation via TXNIP Upregulation in a Mouse Model of Asthma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 9924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189924
Lim J-O, Lee S-J, Kim W-I, Pak S-W, Moon C, Shin I-S, Heo J-D, Ko J-W, Kim J-C. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exacerbate Allergic Airway Inflammation via TXNIP Upregulation in a Mouse Model of Asthma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(18):9924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189924
Chicago/Turabian StyleLim, Je-Oh, Se-Jin Lee, Woong-Il Kim, So-Won Pak, Changjong Moon, In-Sik Shin, Jeong-Doo Heo, Je-Won Ko, and Jong-Choon Kim. 2021. "Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exacerbate Allergic Airway Inflammation via TXNIP Upregulation in a Mouse Model of Asthma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18: 9924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189924