Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Dehydrin Structure, Classification, and Localization
3. Dehydrins Participate in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress
3.1. Dehydrin Expression under Drought Condition
3.2. Dehydrin Accumulation during Cold Stress
3.3. Dehydrin Expression Is Induced by Salt Stress
4. Dehydrin Gene Expression Regulatory Networks
4.1. ABA Is a Dehydrin Mediator in Stress Response
4.2. The Calcium Signaling Pathway Has Multiple Regulatory Effects on Dehydrin Expression
4.3. The MAPK Cascade Pathway Acts Upstream to Regulate Dehydrin Gene Expression
5. Functional Diversity of Dehydrins
5.1. Dehydrins Protect Seeds from Dehydration during Maturation
5.2. Dehydrins Stabilize Plasma Membranes
5.3. Dehydrins Protect Enzymatic Activity
5.4. Dehydrins Bind Metal Ions and DNA
6. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Dehydrin | Abiotic Stress Responses | Functions | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arabidopsis thaliana | RAB18 | Cold/drought/salinity | Freezing tolerance | [37] |
COR47 | Cold | LDH cryoprotection | [123] | |
Lti30 | Cold | Membrane stabilization | [14,28,117] | |
ERD10 | Cold/drought/salinity | Oxidoreductase protection, membrane stabilization, chaperone activity | [121,128,129] | |
ERD14 | Cold/drought/salinity | Same as above | [121,128,129] | |
Agapanthus praecox | DHN (Y2SK2) | Cold/drought/salinity | Metal ion binding, enzyme activity protection, membrane cryoprotection | [124,130] |
DHN (SK3) | Cold/drought/salinity | Same as above | [124,130] | |
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | DHN132 | Cold/salinity | Membrane-protection | [21] |
DHN154 | Cold/salinity | Same as above | [21] | |
DHN200 | Cold/salinity | Same as above | [21] | |
Capsicum annuum | DHN3 | Drought/salinity | Upregulation of antioxidant enzyme system | [131] |
DHN4 | Cold/salinity | Cell membrane stabilization, prevention of lipid peroxidation, inhibition of ROS accumulation | [32] | |
DHN5 | Salinity | Antioxidant capacity improvement | [31] | |
Cerastium arcticum | DHN | Cold/drought/salinity | Oxidative stress tolerance | [132] |
Cucumis melo | LEA-S | drought/salinity | APX and CAT activity enhancement | [133] |
Cucumis sativus | DHN4 | Cold/ salinity/ heat | LDH protection | [17,134] |
Ipomoea pescaprae | DHN | Cold/drought/salinity | Antioxidant enzyme system upregulation | [135] |
Maize | DHN11 | Cold/drought/salinity | antioxidant enzymes activity protection | [136] |
DHN13 | Cold | LDH protection | [16] | |
Medicago truncatula | DHN1 | Cold/salinity | Membrane stabilization | [137] |
CAS31 | Drought | Stomatal density and root water loss reduction | [120,138] | |
Rice | DHN1 | drought/salinity | Enhancement of ROS scavenging capacity | [125] |
Saussurea involucrata | DHN | Cold/drought | Inhibition of cell membrane damage, chloroplast protection, enhancement of ROS scavenging capacity | [139] |
Wheat | COR410 | Cold/drought | Plasma membrane protection against freezing and dehydration stress | [140] |
DHN5 | Cold/salinity | LDH and bglG protection, and regulation of proline metabolism and ROS scavenging system | [126,141] |
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Sun, Z.; Li, S.; Chen, W.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L.; Sun, W.; Wang, Z. Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 12619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312619
Sun Z, Li S, Chen W, Zhang J, Zhang L, Sun W, Wang Z. Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(23):12619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312619
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Zhenping, Shiyuan Li, Wenyu Chen, Jieqiong Zhang, Lixiao Zhang, Wei Sun, and Zenglan Wang. 2021. "Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23: 12619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312619