Anti-Cancer Effects of Glaucarubinone in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line Huh7 via Regulation of the Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition-Associated Transcription Factor Twist1
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. GCB Showed Low Cytotoxicity
2.2. Malignant Traits of Huh7 Cells Were Suppressed by GCB
2.3. GCB Altered MMP Activities
2.4. Twist1 and ERK Activities Were Inhibited by GCB
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture and Reagents
4.2. Wound Healing Screening
4.3. Antibodies
4.4. GCB Isolation and Preparation
4.5. Cell Viability Assay
4.6. Wound Healing Assay
4.7. Transwell Migration and Invasion Assay
4.8. Soft Agar Colony Formation Assay
4.9. Gelatin Zymography
4.10. MMP Activity Assay
4.11. Three-Dimensional Spheroid Invasion Assay
4.12. Transfection
4.13. Twist1 siRNA Transfection
4.14. Immunoblotting Analysis
4.15. qRT-PCR Analysis
4.16. Statistical Analyses
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
GCB | Glaucarubinone |
HCC | Hepatocellular carcinoma |
ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
EMT | Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition |
MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
PAK | p21-activated kinase |
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Seo, J.; Ha, J.; Kang, E.; Yoon, H.; Lee, S.; Ryu, S.Y.; Kim, K.; Cho, S. Anti-Cancer Effects of Glaucarubinone in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line Huh7 via Regulation of the Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition-Associated Transcription Factor Twist1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041700
Seo J, Ha J, Kang E, Yoon H, Lee S, Ryu SY, Kim K, Cho S. Anti-Cancer Effects of Glaucarubinone in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line Huh7 via Regulation of the Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition-Associated Transcription Factor Twist1. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(4):1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041700
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeo, Jihye, Jain Ha, Eunjeong Kang, Haelim Yoon, Sewoong Lee, Shi Yong Ryu, Kwonseop Kim, and Sayeon Cho. 2021. "Anti-Cancer Effects of Glaucarubinone in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line Huh7 via Regulation of the Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition-Associated Transcription Factor Twist1" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4: 1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041700