Selective Cytotoxicity of Complexes with N,N,N-Donor Dipodal Ligand in Tumor Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Cobalt and Vanadium Complexes Exert Toxic Effect on Tumour Cells but Not in Noncancerous Cells
2.2. Cobalt and Vanadium Complexes Hamper Growth of Cancer Cells
2.3. Cobalt and Vanadium Complexes Exert Antiproliferative Effects on Tumour Cells
2.4. Cobalt and Vanadium Complexes Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
2.5. Cobalt and Vanadium Complexes Impair Expression of Genes Regulating Aggressive Phenotype of Cancer Cells
2.6. Cobalt Complexes Increase Glutathione Peroxidase (Gpx) Activity in Noncancerous Cells and Vanadium Complex Decreases the Enzyme Activity in Cancer Cells
2.7. Computational Prediction of Drugability of Cobalt and Vanadium Complexes
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Metal Complexes and Their Synthesis
4.3. Cell Culture Experiments
4.4. Measurement of Cytotoxic Potency of Complexes with Trypan Blue Exclusion Test
4.5. Cell Growth Assessment
4.6. Antiproliferative MTT Assay
4.7. Apoptosis and Necrosis Detection
4.8. Measurement of Gene Expression With Real-Time PCR (Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction, qPCR)
4.9. Measurement of Extracellular Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activity
4.10. Computational Prediction of Drugability
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | IC50 [μM] for Noncancerous CHO-K1 Cells | IC50 [μM] for Cancer HEP G2 Cells | Antiproliferative Index IC50 CHO-K1/IC50 HEP G2 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 121.8 ± 10 | 22.0 ± 4 | 5.5 |
2 | 268.2 ± 15 | 38.2 ± 5 | 7.0 |
3 | 123.1 ± 3 | 45.6 ± 5 | 2.7 |
VOSO4 | 98.3 ± 9 [22] | 75.6 ± 8 | 1.3 |
CoCl2 | 175.6 ± 28 [15] | 160.2 ± 18 [15] | 1.1 |
Cisplatin | 19.1 ± 2 | 21.3 ± 2 [15] | 0.9 |
Compound | tPSA [Å2] | XLOGP3 | CYPinh | Lipinskiviol |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 45.36 | 14.43 | No | 3 |
2 | 37.95 | 9.03 | No | 2 |
3 | 146.9 | 6.3 | No | 1 |
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Tyszka-Czochara, M.; Adach, A.; Grabowski, T.; Konieczny, P.; Pasko, P.; Ortyl, J.; Świergosz, T.; Majka, M. Selective Cytotoxicity of Complexes with N,N,N-Donor Dipodal Ligand in Tumor Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1802. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041802
Tyszka-Czochara M, Adach A, Grabowski T, Konieczny P, Pasko P, Ortyl J, Świergosz T, Majka M. Selective Cytotoxicity of Complexes with N,N,N-Donor Dipodal Ligand in Tumor Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(4):1802. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041802
Chicago/Turabian StyleTyszka-Czochara, Malgorzata, Anna Adach, Tomasz Grabowski, Paweł Konieczny, Paweł Pasko, Joanna Ortyl, Tomasz Świergosz, and Marcin Majka. 2021. "Selective Cytotoxicity of Complexes with N,N,N-Donor Dipodal Ligand in Tumor Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4: 1802. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041802
APA StyleTyszka-Czochara, M., Adach, A., Grabowski, T., Konieczny, P., Pasko, P., Ortyl, J., Świergosz, T., & Majka, M. (2021). Selective Cytotoxicity of Complexes with N,N,N-Donor Dipodal Ligand in Tumor Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(4), 1802. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041802