Aggrephagy Deficiency in the Placenta: A New Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. A Two-Stage to a Four-Stage Model for Placental Development
3. Role of Autophagy in Placental Development
4. Aggrephagy in General
5. Aggrephagy in Placentas
6. Protein Aggregation and ER Stress in Placentas
7. Conclusions and Future Directions; Immunological Aspects in Aggrephagy for Pregnant Women
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Aβ | amyloid β |
AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
ALFY | autophagy-linked FYVE protein |
Atg | autophagy-related |
cKO | conditional knockout |
CRED | chaperone- and receptor-mediated extracellular protein degradation |
CTBs | cytotrophoblasts |
DDIT3 | DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 |
ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
ERAD | endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation |
EVTs | extravillous trophoblasts |
FAM134B | family with sequence similarity 134 member B |
FGR | fetal growth restriction |
HDAC6 | histone deacetylase-6 |
IRE1 | inositol-requiring enzyme-1 |
LC3 | microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 |
MTOC | microtubule-organizing center |
mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
SQSTM1 | sequestosome 1 |
PZP | pregnancy zona protein |
RHEB | Ras homolog enriched in the brain |
Rubicon | RUN and cysteine-rich domain-containing beclin1 interacting protein |
SELDI-TOF | surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight |
sFlt1 | soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 |
STBs | syncytiotrophoblasts |
TFEB | transcriptional factor EB |
Treg | regulatory T cells |
TREM2 | triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 |
TTR | Transthyretin |
P97/VCP | valosin-containing protein |
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Nakashima, A.; Shima, T.; Tsuda, S.; Aoki, A.; Kawaguchi, M.; Furuta, A.; Yasuda, I.; Yoneda, S.; Yamaki-Ushijima, A.; Cheng, S.-B.; et al. Aggrephagy Deficiency in the Placenta: A New Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 2432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052432
Nakashima A, Shima T, Tsuda S, Aoki A, Kawaguchi M, Furuta A, Yasuda I, Yoneda S, Yamaki-Ushijima A, Cheng S-B, et al. Aggrephagy Deficiency in the Placenta: A New Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(5):2432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052432
Chicago/Turabian StyleNakashima, Akitoshi, Tomoko Shima, Sayaka Tsuda, Aiko Aoki, Mihoko Kawaguchi, Atsushi Furuta, Ippei Yasuda, Satoshi Yoneda, Akemi Yamaki-Ushijima, Shi-Bin Cheng, and et al. 2021. "Aggrephagy Deficiency in the Placenta: A New Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5: 2432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052432