Light Quality and Intensity Modulate Cold Acclimation in Arabidopsis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Freezing Tolerance at Optimal and Low Light Intensity
2.2. Lipid Peroxidation
2.3. Effects of Photoreceptor Mutations on Photosynthetic Parameters
2.4. Effects of Cold and Low Light Intensity on Hormonal Pools in WT Plants and Photoreceptor Mutants
2.4.1. Cytokinins
2.4.2. Auxin
2.4.3. Abscisic Acid
2.4.4. Jasmonates
2.4.5. Salicylic Acid
2.5. Transcription of Stress-Related Genes
2.5.1. CBFs
2.5.2. Other Stress-Inducible Genes
2.5.3. Hormone-Related Genes
3. Discussion
3.1. Low Light Intensity
3.2. Cold at Optimal Light Intensity
3.3. Cold at Low Light Intensity
3.4. Conclusion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and Experimental Conditions
4.2. Freezing Tolerance
4.3. Lipid Peroxidation
4.4. Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measurement
4.5. Phytohormone Analysis
4.6. Gene Expression Quantification
4.7. Statistics
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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S | L | C | CL | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fv/Fm | 6 h | WT | 0.838 ± 0.007 | 0.853 ± 0.004 | 0.783 ± 0.005 | 0.847 ± 0.005 |
cry1 | 0.822 ± 0.019 | 0.844 ± 0.007 | 0.802 ± 0.012 | 0.847 ± 0.007 | ||
cry2 | 0.835 ± 0.008 | 0.850 ± 0.001 | 0.810 ± 0.008 | 0.850 ± 0.006 | ||
phyA | 0.835 ± 0.005 | 0.856 ± 0.006 | 0.821 ± 0.016 | 0.850 ± 0.006 | ||
phyB | 0.837 ± 0.011 | 0.859 ± 0.003 | 0.827 ± 0.005 | 0.852 ± 0.009 | ||
7 d | WT | 0.846 ± 0.005 | 0.799 ± 0.014 | 0.810 ± 0.001 | 0.848 ± 0.004 | |
cry1 | 0.840 ± 0.005 | 0.809 ± 0.014 | 0.797 ± 0.005 | 0.858 ± 0.004 | ||
cry2 | 0.849 ± 0.003 | 0.800 ± 0.007 | 0.817 ± 0.005 | 0.852 ± 0.004 | ||
phyA | 0.841 ± 0.010 | 0.802 ± 0.009 | 0.809 ± 0.015 | 0.850 ± 0.006 | ||
phyB | 0.851 ± 0.003 | 0.828 ± 0.009 | 0.814 ± 0.007 | 0.856 ± 0.005 | ||
QY_Lss | 6 h | WT | 0.540 ± 0.027 | 0.544 ± 0.024 | 0.547 ± 0.017 | 0.555 ± 0.050 |
cry1 | 0.517 ± 0.019 | 0.523 ± 0.032 | 0.554 ± 0.014 | 0.597 ± 0.007 | ||
cry2 | 0.543 ± 0.022 | 0.548 ± 0.013 | 0.573 ± 0.014 | 0.610 ± 0.001 | ||
phyA | 0.575 ± 0.017 | 0.565 ± 0.015 | 0.583 ± 0.023 | 0.612 ± 0.007 | ||
phyB | 0.512 ± 0.033 | 0.561 ± 0.041 | 0.577 ± 0.012 | 0.652 ± 0.057 | ||
7 d | WT | 0.576 ± 0.017 | 0.405 ± 0.023 | 0.520 ± 0.008 | 0.633 ± 0.005 | |
cry1 | 0.544 ± 0.010 | 0.381 ± 0.021 | 0.530 ± 0.008 | 0.637 ± 0.005 | ||
cry2 | 0.558 ± 0.016 | 0.424 ± 0.052 | 0.537 ± 0.033 | 0.642 ± 0.007 | ||
phyA | 0.577 ± 0.024 | 0.482 ± 0.013 | 0.573 ± 0.022 | 0.630 ± 0.001 | ||
phyB | 0.589 ± 0.020 | 0.498 ± 0.035 | 0.526 ± 0.026 | 0.610 ± 0.028 | ||
NPQ_Lss | 6 h | WT | 1.093 ± 0.071 | 1.118 ± 0.090 | 0.310 ± 0.028 | 0.807 ± 0.112 |
cry1 | 0.950 ± 0.114 | 1.007 ± 0.120 | 0.528 ± 0.028 | 0.619 ± 0.051 | ||
cry2 | 0.955 ± 0.101 | 1.020 ± 0.060 | 0.477 ± 0.038 | 0.630 ± 0.050 | ||
phyA | 0.882 ± 0.070 | 1.040 ± 0.102 | 0.575 ± 0.118 | 0.653 ± 0.023 | ||
phyB | 1.118 ± 0.117 | 1.120 ± 0.128 | 0.743 ± 0.057 | 0.618 ± 0.153 | ||
7 d | WT | 1.002 ± 0.056 | 1.298 ± 0.106 | 0.697 ± 0.039 | 0.687 ± 0.039 | |
cry1 | 1.173 ± 0.144 | 1.417 ± 0.114 | 0.547 ± 0.069 | 0.663 ± 0.039 | ||
cry2 | 1.036 ± 0.094 | 1.196 ± 0.196 | 0.684 ± 0.113 | 0.660 ± 0.026 | ||
phyA | 0.916 ± 0.139 | 0.880 ± 0.240 | 0.653 ± 0.078 | 0.777 ± 0.086 | ||
phyB | 0.967 ± 0.090 | 0.957 ± 0.158 | 0.641 ± 0.069 | 0.784 ± 0.102 |
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Prerostova, S.; Dobrev, P.I.; Knirsch, V.; Jarosova, J.; Gaudinova, A.; Zupkova, B.; Prášil, I.T.; Janda, T.; Brzobohatý, B.; Skalák, J.; et al. Light Quality and Intensity Modulate Cold Acclimation in Arabidopsis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 2736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052736
Prerostova S, Dobrev PI, Knirsch V, Jarosova J, Gaudinova A, Zupkova B, Prášil IT, Janda T, Brzobohatý B, Skalák J, et al. Light Quality and Intensity Modulate Cold Acclimation in Arabidopsis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(5):2736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052736
Chicago/Turabian StylePrerostova, Sylva, Petre I. Dobrev, Vojtech Knirsch, Jana Jarosova, Alena Gaudinova, Barbara Zupkova, Ilja T. Prášil, Tibor Janda, Břetislav Brzobohatý, Jan Skalák, and et al. 2021. "Light Quality and Intensity Modulate Cold Acclimation in Arabidopsis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5: 2736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052736