Aerobic Exercise Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Wasting through Adiponectin Signaling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Aerobic Exercise Suppresses Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Atrophy
2.2. Aerobic Exercise Enhances Protein Synthesis Signaling in Cancer Cachectic Skeletal Muscle
2.3. Aerobic Exercise Increases mRNA Expression of Adiponectin and Adiponectin-Related Genes in Skeletal Muscle
2.4. Activation of Cellular Signaling by Recombinant Adiponectin in C2C12 Myotubes
2.5. Recombinant Adiponectin Ameliorates the Atrophy of Myotubes
2.6. Adiponectin Treatment Alters the Protein Degradation/Synthesis Balance in Myotubes
3. Discussion
3.1. Activation of Protein Synthesis Signal by Aerobic Exercise during Cancer Cachexia
3.2. Protective Effect of Adiponectin on Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Atrophy
3.3. Limitations and Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Cell Culture
4.3. Injection of C26 into Mice
4.4. Animal Experimental Design
4.5. Aerobic Exercise
4.6. Collection of Tissues
4.7. Analysis of Muscle Cross-Sectional Area
4.8. Western Blotting
4.9. Real-Time RT-PCR
4.10. Expression and Purification of Recombinant Adiponectin
4.11. In Vitro Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Atrophy Model
4.12. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Morinaga, M.; Sako, N.; Isobe, M.; Lee-Hotta, S.; Sugiura, H.; Kametaka, S. Aerobic Exercise Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Wasting through Adiponectin Signaling. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 3110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063110
Morinaga M, Sako N, Isobe M, Lee-Hotta S, Sugiura H, Kametaka S. Aerobic Exercise Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Wasting through Adiponectin Signaling. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(6):3110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063110
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorinaga, Makoto, Naoki Sako, Mari Isobe, Sachiko Lee-Hotta, Hideshi Sugiura, and Satoshi Kametaka. 2021. "Aerobic Exercise Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia-Induced Muscle Wasting through Adiponectin Signaling" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6: 3110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063110