NFAT5 Is Involved in GRP-Enhanced Secretion of GLP-1 by Sodium
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of Increasing Sodium Content in the Food on GLP-1 Secretion In Vivo
2.2. Gastrin Releasing Peptide (GRP) Enhances Sodium-Induced Increase in GLP-1 Secretion by Human L-Cells
2.3. The Effect of Sodium and GRP on GLP-1 Secretion and Expressions of GRPR and NFAT5 in Mouse Ileum
2.4. NFAT5 Is Involved in the High NaCl-Induced GLP-1 Secretion Caused by GRP
2.5. Sodium-Induced Binding of NFAT5 to GRPR Gene Promoter Increases Its Transcription and Subsequent Translation
2.6. Gastrin, GLP-1, or Gastrin plus GLP-1 Negatively Regulates the Sodium Transporter/Exchanger/Pump in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Cells (hRPTCs)
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture and Reagents
4.2. GLP-1 Secretion
4.2.1. In Vivo Studies
4.2.2. In Vitro Studies
4.2.3. Ex Vivo Studies
4.3. Immunoblotting
4.4. RNA Extraction and cDNA Preparation
4.5. Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
4.6. siRNA Transfections and Assays
4.7. Dual Luminescence Assay (GRPR Promoter Reporter Analysis)
4.8. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fan, C.; Asico, L.D.; Villar, V.A.M.; Hunt, J.; Cuevas, S.; Armando, I.; Jose, P.A.; Konkalmatt, P.R. NFAT5 Is Involved in GRP-Enhanced Secretion of GLP-1 by Sodium. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 3951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083951
Fan C, Asico LD, Villar VAM, Hunt J, Cuevas S, Armando I, Jose PA, Konkalmatt PR. NFAT5 Is Involved in GRP-Enhanced Secretion of GLP-1 by Sodium. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(8):3951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083951
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan, Caini, Laureano D. Asico, Van Anthony M. Villar, Jessica Hunt, Santiago Cuevas, Ines Armando, Pedro A. Jose, and Prasad R. Konkalmatt. 2021. "NFAT5 Is Involved in GRP-Enhanced Secretion of GLP-1 by Sodium" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 3951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083951