Extracellular Histones Trigger Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation by Lytic Cell Death
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Extracellular Histones Trigger Coagulopathy Independent of TLR Receptors and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways
2.2. Extracellular Histones Lyse Macrophages and Expose PS
2.3. TF Neutralization Protects against Extracellular Histone-Induced Coagulopathy
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Mice
3.2. In Vivo Challenges
3.3. Pharmacological TF Inhibition
3.4. Measurement of Coagulation
3.5. Tissue Preparation and Immunohistochemistry
3.6. BMDM Cultures
3.7. Detection of Fibrin in Tissues by Western Blot
3.8. Liposome Leakage Assay
3.9. Cytotoxicity Assays
3.10. Flow Cytometry
3.11. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, Y.; Wu, C.; Li, L.; Pandeya, A.; Zhang, G.; Cui, J.; Kirchhofer, D.; Wood, J.P.; Smyth, S.S.; Wei, Y.; et al. Extracellular Histones Trigger Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation by Lytic Cell Death. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6800. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126800
Zhang Y, Wu C, Li L, Pandeya A, Zhang G, Cui J, Kirchhofer D, Wood JP, Smyth SS, Wei Y, et al. Extracellular Histones Trigger Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation by Lytic Cell Death. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(12):6800. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126800
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Yan, Congqing Wu, Lan Li, Ankit Pandeya, Guoying Zhang, Jian Cui, Daniel Kirchhofer, Jeremy P. Wood, Susan S. Smyth, Yinan Wei, and et al. 2022. "Extracellular Histones Trigger Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation by Lytic Cell Death" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 12: 6800. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126800