Tomato Root Colonization by Exogenously Inoculated Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induces Resistance against Root-Knot Nematodes in a Dose-Dependent Manner
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Colonization of Exogenously Added AMF to Tomato Roots
2.2. Myco Treatments to Tomato Roots Induces Resistance to RKNs in a Dose-Dependent Manner
2.3. Resistance Induction against RKNs Is Mediated by AMF Colonization
2.4. AMF-Mediated Plant Immunity against RKNs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Treatment of Plants with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
4.2. Root Colonization
4.3. Nematode Inoculations and Infection Level Determination
4.4. RNA Extraction, cDNA Synthesis, and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
4.5. Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Plant Weight (g) | EMs/g rfw | SFs/g rfw | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cntr | Myco2 | Cntr | Myco2 | Cntr | Myco2 | |
MY | 15.4 ± 3.9 ab | 18.2 ± 2.5 a | 52 ± 15 a | 32 ± 10 b | 277 ± 81 a | 173 ± 28 c |
MYAut | 16.4 ± 3.1 ab | 17.3 ± 4.4 ab | 58 ± 11 a | 66 ± 22 a | 173 ± 73 c | 214 ± 88 bc |
MYAMPHB | 14.4 ± 3.2 b | 14.6 ± 3.1 b | 51 ± 20 a | 55 ± 22 a | 189 ± 48 bc | 243 ± 78 ab |
Gene Acronym | Primer Sequence (5′-3′) |
---|---|
SlCCaMK | F: CATGGGTGAGGGGAGAGTTA R: CATAGCTGCTGCACGAAACTT |
SlLYK9 | F: TGAGCAATTCAATCCATGTCA R: ATGGGGATAAAAGGGGTTG |
SlLYK13 | F: ACTTCTTCTCAAATTGCACAACA R: AAGGGAGATTCGATTCGGGC |
SlGPX | F: GTTTGCTTGCACACGGTTTA R: CGTCGTTGGTGGATACCTCT |
SlPR-4b/P2 | F: TGACCAACACAGGAACAGGA R: GCCCAATCCATTAGTGTCCA |
ACT-7 | F: CAGCAGATGTGGATCTCAAA R: CTGTGGACAATGGAAGGAC |
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Molinari, S.; Akbarimotlagh, M.; Leonetti, P. Tomato Root Colonization by Exogenously Inoculated Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induces Resistance against Root-Knot Nematodes in a Dose-Dependent Manner. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 8920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168920
Molinari S, Akbarimotlagh M, Leonetti P. Tomato Root Colonization by Exogenously Inoculated Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induces Resistance against Root-Knot Nematodes in a Dose-Dependent Manner. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(16):8920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168920
Chicago/Turabian StyleMolinari, Sergio, Masoud Akbarimotlagh, and Paola Leonetti. 2022. "Tomato Root Colonization by Exogenously Inoculated Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induces Resistance against Root-Knot Nematodes in a Dose-Dependent Manner" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16: 8920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168920