Recent Advances in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Designing and Fabrication
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Basics of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
2.1. Architecture of Inverted PSCs
2.2. Working Principle of Inverted PSCs
3. Hole−Transport Layer (HTL)
3.1. Conductive Polymers Materials
3.1.1. Poly(3,4−Ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(Styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)
- (1)
- Doping PEDOT:PSS
- (2)
- Modified PEDOT:PSS
- (3)
- Interface engineering
- (4)
- Composite HTL materials
3.1.2. Poly(Bis(4−Phenyl)(2,4,6−Trimethylphenyl)Amine) (PTAA)
3.1.3. Conjugated Polyelectrolyte (CPE)
3.1.4. Polyelectrolyte
3.1.5. Poly[N,N′−Bis(4−Butylphenyl)−N,N′−Bis(Phenyl)Benzidine] (Poly−TPD)
3.1.6. Other Conductive Polymer Materials
3.2. Organic Small−Molecule Materials
3.3. Inorganic Semiconductor Materials
3.3.1. NiOx
- (1)
- Doping NiOx
- (2)
- Interface modification
3.3.2. Cu−Based Materials (CuX)
3.3.3. Other Inorganic Semiconductor Materials
4. Perovskite Absorption Layer
5. Electron−Transport Layer (ETL)
5.1. PCBM
5.2. Organic Small−Molecule Materials
5.3. Inorganic Electron Transport Materials
6. All−Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
7. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 0.60 | 10.32 | 0.63 | 3.9 | [30] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/LiF/Al | 25 cm2 | 0.93 | 18.0 | 0.77 | 12.8 | [46] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/Bis−C60/Ag | 3.14 mm2 | 1.06 | 19.1 | 0.77 | 15.7 | [47] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/TiO2/Al | 11.8 mm2 | 0.994 | 19.8 | 0.72 | 14.25 | [48] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/ RhB101/LiF/Ag | 0.11 cm2 | 1.11 | 20.11 | 0.81 | 18.0 | [49] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/Au | 0.16 cm2 | 1.1 | 20.9 | 0.79 | 18.1 | [37] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PEDOT:PSS−PEI/MAPbI3/PCBM/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 0.982 | 16.7 | 0.705 | 11.7 | [50] |
PEDOT:PSS−GO/MAPbI3/PCBM/Al | ~ | 0.96 | 17.96 | 0.76 | 13.1 | [51] |
PEDOT:PSS−GO/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 0.90 | 20.01 | 0.79 | 14.2 | [52] |
PEDOT:PSS−PFI/FA0.6MA0.4Sn0.6Pb0.4I3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 0.783 | 27.22 | 0.744 | 15.85 | [53] |
PEDOT:PSS−RbCl/MA0.7FA0.3Sn0.6Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3/PCBM/C60/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.0 | 22.41 | 0.824 | 18.3 | [54] |
PEDOT:PSS−CsI/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 1.084 | 22.58 | 0.83 | 20.22 | [55] |
PEDOT:PSS−Sodium Citrate/MAPbI3(Cl)/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.134 | 21.62 | 0.75 | 18.39 | [56] |
PEDOT:PSS−CuSCN/MAPbI3/ PCBM/C60/LiF/Al | ~ | 1.02 | 19.10 | 0.785 | 15.3 | [57] |
PEDOT:PSS−GeO2/MAPbI3−xClx/ PCBM/Ag | 7.25 mm2 | 0.96 | 21.55 | 0.74 | 15.15 | [58] |
PEDOT:PSS−Ag/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/ Bphen/Ag | 7.25 mm2 | 0.93 | 21.51 | 0.79 | 15.75 | [59] |
PEDOT:PSS−PEO/MAPbI3/PCBM/Al | 0.16 cm2 | 0.88 | 23.42 | 0.801 | 16.52 | [60] |
PEDOT:PSS−F4−TCNQ/MAPbI3−xClx /PCBM/BCP/Ag | 7.25 mm2 | 1.02 | 21.93 | 0.77 | 17.22 | [61] |
PEDOT:PSS−NaCl/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/RhB101/LiF/Ag | 0.11 cm2 | 1.08 | 20.5 | 0.819 | 18.1 | [62] |
GHJ/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/LiF/Al | ~ | 1.02 | 22.98 | 0.77 | 18.0 | [64] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DMF−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/RhB101/LiF/Ag | 0.11 cm2 | 1.08 | 17.44 | 0.68 | 12.9 | [65] |
DMF−PEDOT:PSS /MAPbI3/PCBM(PMMA)/BCP/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.02 | 22.38 | 0.82 | 18.72 | [32] |
DMF−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 9 mm2 | 1.048 | 21.1 | 0.76 | 16.8 | [66] |
DMSO−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/ BCP/Ag | 1.8 mm2 | 0.92 | 22.76 | 0.80 | 16.7 | [67] |
EMIC−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/Passivation layer/C60/BCP/Ag | 1 cm2 | 1.08 | 23.81 | 0.78 | 20.06 | [68] |
DA−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.08 | 19.4 | 0.78 | 16.4 | [69] |
DA−PEDOT:PSS/MAxFA3−xPbI3−xBrx/PCBM/PN4N/Ag | ~ | 1.08 | 22.0 | 0.775 | 18.5 | [70] |
Oxidized PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/ RhB 101/LiF/Ag | 11 mm2 | 1.07 | 21.6 | 0.82 | 18.8 | [71] |
PEDOT−MeOH:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/ BCP/Ag | 3.14 mm2 | 1.01 | 15.83 | 0.60 | 9.56 | [72] |
Urea−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/ RhB 101/Ag | 0.16 cm2 | 1.03 | 22.57 | 0.809 | 18.8 | [73] |
SBS−PEDOT:PSS/MA0.8FA0.2PbI3−xClx/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 1.08 | 21.57 | 0.833 | 19.41 | [74] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PEDOT:PSS/Cross−linked interlayer/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/Al | 7.5 mm2 | 0.99 | 18.07 | 0.73 | 13.06 | [75] |
PEG−PEDOT:PSS/FASnI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 0.37 | 22.06 | 0.627 | 5.12 | [76] |
PEDOT:PSS/PEG/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 0.06 cm2 | 0.79 | 23.02 | 0.61 | 12.56 | [77] |
PEDOT:PSS/NPB/MAPbI3/PCBM/ BCP/Ag | 0.1225 cm2 | 1.05 | 22.46 | 0.78 | 18.4 | [78] |
PEDOT:PSS/C3−SAM/MAPbI3−xClx/ PCBM/ZnO NPs/Ag | 0.055 cm2 | 0.89 | 18.9 | 0.69 | 11.6 | [79] |
PEDOT:PSS/GO/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 1 cm2 | 0.985 | 21.9 | 0.71 | 15.34 | [80] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PEDOT:PSS/V2O5/MAPbI3/C60/ BCP/Ag | 0.10 cm2 | 1.05 | 0.212 | 0.785 | 17.5 | [81] |
NiPcS4−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/C60/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.08 cm2 | 1.08 | 23.01 | 0.77 | 18.9 | [82] |
CNTs−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 1.04 | 20.35 | 0.754 | 16.0 | [83] |
OCNRs−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/ PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.01 | 22.76 | 0.804 | 19.02 | [84] |
MoOx−PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/ ZnO/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 1.08 | 22.78 | 0.804 | 19.64 | [85] |
CuI/PEDOT:PSS/(FASnI3)0.6(MAPbI3)0.4/C60/BCP/Cu | 0.1 cm2 | 0.75 | 28.5 | 0.737 | 15.75 | [86] |
PEDOT:PSS/Graphene quantum dots/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.00 | 21.41 | 0.753 | 16.16 | [87] |
PEDOT:PSS/PTAA/MAPbI3−xClx/ PCBM/Ag | 0.11 cm2 | 1.07 | 21.38 | 0.826 | 19.04 | [88] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pure PTAA | PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/ BCP/Al | 7.25 mm2 | 1.07 | 22.0 | 0.768 | 18.1 | [89] |
PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/PFN/Al | 4 mm2 | 1.01 | 20.24 | 0.767 | 15.67 | [90] | |
PTAA/(FA0.95PbI2.95)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.5/PCBM/C60/BCP/Cu | ~ | 1.21 | 22.5 | 0.790 | 21.5 | [34] | |
Doping PTAA | PTAA−F4−TCNQ/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/BCP/Al | ~ | 1.09 | 21.6 | 0.740 | 17.5 | [91] |
PTAA−NPB/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 6.25 mm2 | 1.14 | 22.6 | 0.784 | 20.15 | [92] | |
PTAA−CuSCN/MAPbI3/PCBM/ BCP/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.12 | 21.92 | 0.750 | 18.16 | [93] | |
Modified PTAA | rGO/PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/ BCP/Ag | 1.02 cm2 | 1.09 | 20.3 | 0.777 | 17.20 | [94] |
Spiro−OMeTAD−PTAA/CsPbI2Br/ZnO:C60/Ag | 4 mm2 | 1.14 | 14.3 | 0.764 | 12.52 | [95] | |
PTAA/F8BT/MAPbI3/PCBM/Bphen/Ag | 0.045 cm2 | 0.98 | 21.27 | 0.717 | 14.88 | [96] | |
PTAA/F4−TCNQ/MAPbI3/ PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.10 | 22.6 | 0.811 | 19.7 | [97] | |
PTAA/CPEs/(FAPbI3)0.83(MAPbBr3)0.17/LiF/C60/Ag | 1 cm2 | 1.11 | 22.18 | 0.747 | 18.38 | [98] | |
Interface engineering | PTAA/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Cu | 6 mm2 | 1.05 | 22.7 | 0.80 | 19.0 | [99] |
PTAA/(FAPbI3)0.9(MAPbBr3)0.1/ PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.05 cm2 | 1.09 | 23.87 | 0.801 | 19.51 | [100] | |
PTAA/Cs0.05(MA0.17FA0.83)0.95 Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3/PCBM/BCP/Cu | 0.09 cm2 | 1.08 | 22.74 | 0.78 | 19.17 | [101] | |
PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 6 mm2 | 1.14 | 23.26 | 0.815 | 21.6 | [102] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPE−K/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/Al | 3.30 mm2 | 0.89 | 20.1 | 0.77 | 12.51 | [105] |
TB(MA)/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/BCP/Ag | 0.10 cm2 | 1.08 | 23.45 | 0.78 | 19.76 | [106] |
BF−NH3/MAPbI3/PC61BM/PEI/Ag | ~ | 1.05 | 20.1 | 0.84 | 17.71 | [107] |
TB(K)/FA0.85MA0.15Pb(Br0.15I0.85)3/ PCBM/C60/BCP/Ag | 0.06 cm2 | 1.1 | 22.72 | 0.80 | 20.1 | [108] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P3CT−Na/MAPbCl3−xIx/PC61BM/C60 | ~ | 1.07 | 21.14 | 73.0 | 16.6 | [111] |
P3CT−Na(GD)/MAPbI3/PCBM/ZnO/Al | ~ | 1.06 | 22.8 | 80.8 | 19.5 | [112] |
P3CT−Rb/MAPbCl3−xIx/C60/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.14 | 21.67 | 82.8 | 20.52 | [113] |
P3CT−ED/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ZnO/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 1.08 | 23.3 | 80.9 | 20.5 | [114] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poly−TPD/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.1 | 22.0 | 0.697 | 15.3 | [115] |
Poly−TPD/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.04 | 23.2 | 0.754 | 18.19 | [116] |
Poly−TPD/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 9 mm2 | 1.07 | 20.08 | 0.75 | 16.11 | [117] |
Poly−TPD/MAPbI3/PCBM/LiF/Al | 0.045 cm2 | 1.07 | 21.8 | 0.737 | 17.2 | [118] |
Poly−TPD/PFN−I/Cs0.05FA0.79MA0.16PbI2.4Br0.6/PFN−I/PC61BM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.13 | 22.47 | 0.81 | 20.47 | [119] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ITO/polythiophene/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag | ~ | 0.99 | 20.3 | 0.774 | 15.4 | [120] |
ITO/PPP/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.03 | 21.6 | 0.75 | 16.5 | [121] |
PVK/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 4 mm2 | 0.96 | 21.9 | 0.75 | 15.8 | [122] |
XSln847/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 1.08 | 22.34 | 0.71 | 17.16 | [123] |
poly−1/MAPbI3/PC61BM/BCP/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.01 | 23.2 | 0.71 | 16.5 | [124] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TPASB/MAPbI3/PCBM/Al | 4 mm2 | 1.05 | 20.8 | 0.80 | 17.6 | [126] |
TAPC/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 4 mm2 | 1.04 | 22.32 | 0.81 | 18.8 | [127] |
VB−MeO−FDPA/MAPbI3−xClx/ PCBM/Ag | 0.045 cm2 | 1.15 | 20.89 | 0.78 | 18.7 | [128] |
NPB/MAPbI3/PCBM/PDI−Br/Ag | ~ | 1.11 | 22.92 | 0.78 | 19.96 | [129] |
DFH/MA0.9FA0.1PbI3−xClx/C60/ BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.10 | 22.6 | 0.83 | 20.6 | [130] |
MPA−BTTI/CsFAMA/C60/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.12 | 23.23 | 0.814 | 21.17 | [131] |
TPE−S/CsPbI2Br/PCBM/ZnO/Ag | ~ | 1.26 | 15.6 | 0.785 | 15.4 | [132] |
C8−DPNDF/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag | 9 mm2 | 1.06 | 21.05 | 0.784 | 17.5 | [133] |
TFM/CsFAMA/C60/BCP/Ag | 7.5 mm2 | 22.7 | 0.97 | 0.73 | 16.03 | [134] |
H−Pyr/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 0.1225 cm2 | 1.04 | 22.26 | 0.741 | 17.09 | [135] |
XY1/CsFAMA/C60/BCP/Cu | 1 cm2 | 1.11 | 22.2 | 0.762 | 18.78 | [136] |
m−MTDATA/Cs0.05(FA0.85MA0.15)0.95 Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3/C60/BCP/Cu | 0.16 cm2 | 1.04 | 22.5 | 0.78 | 18.12 | [137] |
TPAC3M/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ZnO/Al | 4 mm2 | 1.00 | 22.11 | 0.78 | 17.54 | [138] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pure NiOx | NiOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/Au | ~ | 0.882 | 16.27 | 0.635 | 9.11 | [140] |
NiOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/LiF/Al | ~ | 1.06 | 20.2 | 0.813 | 17.3 | [141] | |
NiOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 1.09 | 17.93 | 0.738 | 14.42 | [142] | |
NiOx/MAPbI3−xClx/PC61BM/ AZO/Ag | 0.19 cm2 | 1.08 | 20.33 | 0.69 | 15.2 | [143] | |
NiOx/MAI/PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 0.99 | 22.92 | 0.803 | 18.15 | [144] | |
np−NiOx/(FAPbI3)0.85−(MAPbBr3)0.15/PCBM/ZnO/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.076 | 22.76 | 0.78 | 19.1 | [145] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doping NiOx | Cu:NiOx/MAPb(I0.8Br0.2)3/ PC61BM/C60/Ag | 0.314 cm2 | 1.12 | 18.83 | 0.73 | 15.4 | [146] |
Li0.05Mg0.15Ni0.8O/MAPbI3/ PCBM/Ti(Nb)Ox/Ag | 1.02 cm2 | 1.08 | 20.4 | 0.827 | 18.3 | [147] | |
Cs:NiOx/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ ZrAcac/Ag | 10 mm2 | 1.12 | 21.77 | 0.793 | 19.35 | [148] | |
Ag:NiOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/ BCP/Ag | 4 mm2 | 1.07 | 19.42 | 0.79 | 16.4 | [149] | |
Y:NiOx/MAPbI3/PC61BM/Au | 0.08 cm2 | 1.0 | 23.82 | 0.68 | 16.31 | [150] | |
F6TCNNQ:NiOx/CsFAMA/ PCBM/ZrAcac/Ag | ~ | 1.12 | 23.18 | 0.803 | 20.86 | [151] | |
K:NiOx/Cs0.05FA0.81MA0.14Pb (Br0.15I0.85)3/PC61BM/TIPD/Ag | 4 mm2 | 1.13 | 20.53 | 0.74 | 17.05 | [152] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interface modification | NiO/meso−Al2O3/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.04 | 18.0 | 0.72 | 13.5 | [153] |
NiOx/PTAA/FA1−xMAxPb (I3−yBry)/PCBM/BCP/Au | ~ | 1.02 | 20.8 | 0.783 | 16.7 | [154] | |
NiOx@KCl/CsFAMA/ PCBM/ZrAcac/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.15 | 22.21 | 0.795 | 20.96 | [155] | |
NiOx/PTAA/(MAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr2Cl)0.05/PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.19 | 22.23 | 0.817 | 21.56 | [156] | |
NiOx/F2HCNQ/CsFAMA/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 36.1 cm2 | 1.14 | 23.44 | 0.828 | 22.13 | [157] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CuSCN | CuSCN/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/Ag | 0.07 cm2 | 0.68 | 8.8 | 0.635 | 3.8 | [158] |
CuSCN/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/ Ag | 0.10 cm2 | 1.0 | 21.9 | 0.758 | 16.6 | [159] | |
CuI | CuI/MAPbI3/PCBM/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 1.04 | 21.6 | 0.62 | 13.58 | [160] |
CuI/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag | >1 cm2 | 0.97 | 22.7 | 0.738 | 16.8 | [161] | |
CuI/MAPbI3/PCBM/PEI/Ag | 0.05 cm2 | 1.04 | 20.9 | 0.68 | 14.7 | [162] | |
PTAA−CuSCN/MAPbI3/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.10 cm2 | 1.13 | 22.3 | 0.789 | 19.9 | [163] | |
CuxO | CuOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 0.952 | 17.5 | 0.662 | 11.0 | [164] |
CuOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/ZnO/Al | 5.5 mm2 | 1.03 | 22.42 | 0.76 | 17.43 | [165] | |
CuS | CuS/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag | 0.10 cm2 | 1.02 | 22.3 | 0.712 | 16.2 | [166] |
Cu3PS4 | Cu3PS4/MA0.7FA0.3PbI3/ PCBM/BCP/Ag | 0.08 cm2 | 1.069 | 20.83 | 0.816 | 18.17 | [167] |
Modification | CuI/CuSCN/MAPbI3−xClx/PC61BM/PEI/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.11 | 22.33 | 0.76 | 18.76 | [168] |
PTAA/CuI/FA0.05MA0.95PbI3/PCBM/C60−N/Ag | 5.2 mm2 | 1.057 | 24.8 | 0.774 | 20.34 | [169] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GO | GO/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/ZnO/Al | 7.25 mm2 | 1.0 | 17.46 | 0.71 | 12.4 | [170] |
rGO/MAPbI3/PC61BM/BCP/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 0.98 | 15.4 | 0.716 | 10.8 | [171] | |
oxo−G1/MAPbI3/PCBM/ZnO/Al | ~ | 1.08 | 18.06 | 0.777 | 15.2 | [172] | |
a−GO/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/BCP/Ag | 4 mm2 | 1.0 | 18.4 | 0.768 | 14.14 | [173] | |
V2O5 | V2O5/PEDOT/MAPbI3−xClx/PCBM/ RhB101/LiF/Ag | 0.11 cm2 | 1.05 | 13.59 | 0.59 | 8.4 | [175] |
V2O5/P3CT−K/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ ZnO/Ag | 0.06 cm2 | 1.09 | 23.24 | 0.779 | 19.7 | [176] | |
MoOx | MoOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 0.99 | 18.8 | 0.71 | 13.1 | [177] |
CoOx | CoOx/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | 0.02 cm2 | 0.95 | 20.28 | 0.755 | 14.5 | [178] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pure PCBM | PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3−xClx/PC61BM/Al | 0.1 cm2 | 0.87 | 18.5 | 0.72 | 11.5 | [193] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/ PCBM/Al | 0.1 cm2 | 1.05 | 19.98 | 0.78 | 16.3 | [194] | |
Interface modification | NiOx/NiOnc/MAPbI3/ PCBM/BCP/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 1.04 | 13.2 | 0.69 | 9.51 | [195] |
P3CT−Na/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/Al | ~ | 1.07 | 21.1 | 0.73 | 16.6 | [196] | |
PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/C60/BCP/Al | 7.25 mm2 | 1.07 | 22.0 | 0.768 | 18.1 | [89] | |
Poly−TPD/MAPbI3/PCBM/LiF/Al | 0.045 cm2 | 1.07 | 21.8 | 0.737 | 17.2 | [118] | |
Li0.05Mg0.15Ni0.8O/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ti(Nb)Ox/Ag | 1.02 cm2 | 1.083 | 20.4 | 0.827 | 18.3 | [147] | |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/ PCBM/π−PFEs/Ag | ~ | 1.04 | 22.11 | 0.799 | 18.46 | [197] | |
Doping modification | PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/ PCBM:GD/C60/Al | 0.06 cm2 | 0.969 | 23.4 | 0.654 | 14.8 | [198] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3−xClx/Oleamide:PCBM/Ag | 14.0 mm2 | 0.98 | 18.76 | 0.693 | 12.69 | [199] | |
NiMgLiO/MAPbI3/H3:PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.06 | 21.5 | 0.793 | 18.1 | [200] | |
NiO/MAPbI3/PCBM:CoSe/Ag | 0.07 cm2 | 1.073 | 19.85 | 0.70 | 14.91 | [201] | |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/rGO:PCBM/Ag | 4 mm2 | 0.942 | 23.52 | 0.655 | 14.51 | [202] | |
P3CT−K/MAPbI3/PC61BM:SnO2/Ag | 0.06 cm2 | 1.12 | 23.15 | 0.76 | 19.7 | [203] | |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/ PCBM:F8TBT/Ag | 6.25 cm2 | 1.12 | 22.43 | 0.82 | 20.6 | [204] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/Br−PDI/ZnO/Ag | 0.12 cm2 | 0.83 | 18.9 | 0.669 | 10.5 | [207] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/TDTP/LiF/Ag | ~ | 1.05 | 22.4 | 0.777 | 18.2 | [208] |
P3CT−Na/MAPbI3/TPE−PDI4/ Rhodamine 101/LiF/Ag | ~ | 1.052 | 21.98 | 0.81 | 18.78 | [209] |
P3CT−Na/MAPbI3/ITCPTC−Th/ Rhodamine 101/LiF/Ag | ~ | 1.029 | 21.77 | 0.76 | 17.11 | [210] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NiOx/MAPbI3/ZnO/Al | 0.1 cm2 | 1.01 | 21.0 | 0.760 | 16.1 | [212] |
NiO/MAPbI3/Bi2S3/Au | ~ | 0.949 | 18.6 | 0.742 | 13.1 | [213] |
PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/ CdSe QDs/LiF/Ag | 0.04 cm2 | 0.985 | 21.8 | 0.703 | 15.1 | [214] |
NiOx/MAPbI3/CeOx/Ag | ~ | 1.047 | 20.43 | 0.797 | 17.1 | [215] |
NiMgLiO/CsPbI2Br/C−TiO2/ Bi/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.26 | 14.72 | 0.76 | 14.0 | [216] |
Cu2O/MAPbI3/SiO2/GZO/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.12 | 20.9 | 0.786 | 18.4 | [217] |
NiOx/P1:FA0.85MA0.15PbI2.55Br0.45/ Nb2O5/Ag | 0.16 cm2 | 1.098 | 23.59 | 0.788 | 20.41 | [218] |
NiOx/MAPbI3/Sn:In2O3/In2O3/Ag | ~ | 1.10 | 23.22 | 0.809 | 20.65 | [219] |
c−NiOx/mp−NiOx/ Cs0.05(FA0.83MA0.17Pb(I0.83Br0.17))0.95/ IZO/Al | 0.2 cm2 | 1.02 | 22.86 | 0.694 | 16.2 | [220] |
Cu:NiOx/MAPbI3/CdS/Au | ~ | 1.012 | 19.74 | 0.668 | 13.36 | [221] |
MoS2/MAPbI3/TiO2/Ag | ~ | 0.93 | 26.24 | 0.83 | 20.43 | [222] |
NiMgLiO/CsPbI2Br/C−TiO2/Sb | 0.09 cm2 | 1.28 | 15.0 | 0.77 | 14.8 | [223] |
Cu:NiOx/MAPbI3/ZnO/Ag | 0.2 cm2 | 1.03 | 23.05 | 0.64 | 16.51 | [224] |
Mo/Cu2ZnSnSe4/MAPbI3/ZnS/ IZO/Ag | 0.1 cm2 | 1.1 | 20.8 | 0.763 | 17.4 | [225] |
NiOx/Cs0.05FA0.79MA0.16PbBr0.51I2.49/ SnOx/Al | 0.126 cm2 | 1.12 | 18.1 | 0.661 | 13.5 | [226] |
Structure of PSCs | Area | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | PCE (%) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NiO/CsPbI3/C60/ZnO/Ag | ~ | 1.19 | 14.25 | 0.776 | 13.1 | [229] |
NiOx/CsPbIBr2/MoOx/Au | 9 mm2 | 0.85 | 10.56 | 0.62 | 5.52 | [230] |
Cs−NiOx/N749/CsPbIBr2/ PCBM/BCP/Ag | ~ | 1.19 | 11.49 | 0.69 | 9.49 | [231] |
NiOx/CsPbI2Br/ZnO@C60/Ag | ~ | 1.14 | 15.2 | 0.77 | 13.1 | [232] |
NiMgLiO/CsPbI2Br/ C−TiO2/Sb | 0.09 cm2 | 1.28 | 15.0 | 0.77 | 14.8 | [223] |
NiOx/CsPbI2Br/ZnO@C60/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.1 | 15.1 | 0.756 | 12.6 | [233] |
NiOx/CsPbI2Br/PCBM/Ag | ~ | 1.12 | 15.6 | 0.761 | 13.3 | [234] |
NiOx/CsPbI2Br/ZnO/C60/Ag | 0.09 cm2 | 1.15 | 16.12 | 0.776 | 14.38 | [235] |
NiOx/Zn:CuGaO2/F−CsPbI2Br/TiO2/PC61BM/ZnO | 0.09 cm2 | 1.17 | 15.98 | 0.807 | 15.1 | [236] |
NiOx/CsPbI2Br/6TIC−4F/ ZnO/C60/Ag | 0.0672 cm2 | 1.16 | 17.7 | 0.786 | 16.1 | [237] |
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Yang, J.; Luo, X.; Zhou, Y.; Li, Y.; Qiu, Q.; Xie, T. Recent Advances in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Designing and Fabrication. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 11792. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911792
Yang J, Luo X, Zhou Y, Li Y, Qiu Q, Xie T. Recent Advances in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Designing and Fabrication. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(19):11792. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911792
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jiayan, Xingrui Luo, Yankai Zhou, Yingying Li, Qingqing Qiu, and Tengfeng Xie. 2022. "Recent Advances in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Designing and Fabrication" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19: 11792. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911792