Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Sumac Extract
2.2. Effect of Phenolic Sumac Extract on Cell Viability
2.3. Effect of Phenolic Sumac Extract Treatment on H2O2 Cellular Production
2.4. Effect of Phenolic Sumac Extract on Bioenergetic Capacity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Samples, Cell Growth and Differentiation
4.2. Cytotoxic Effect
4.3. ROS Production
4.4. ATP Assay
4.5. Antioxidant Activity
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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DPPH Assay | TEAC Assay | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
TE (mmol TE/g) | IC50 (mg/mL) | TE (mmol TE/g) | IC50 (mg/mL) | |
SE | 1.02 ± 0.05 | 0.41 ± 0.02 | 1.76 ± 0.10 | 0.21 ± 0.005 |
GA | 26.68 ± 1.05 | 0.016 ± 0.001 | 29.19 ± 2.55 | 0.012 ± 0.0003 |
Patient | Code | Sex | Age Onset (yr) | Age at Skin Biopsy (yr) | Disease Duration (yr) | PARK2 Mutation | H-Y Stage | UPDRS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pt1 | NP | F | 28 | 36 | 8 | Cys253Tyr/ex5del | 1 | 5 |
Pt2 | IT-048-NA099 [41,42] | M | 47 | 64 | 17 | ex3-4del/ex3-4del | 3 | 30 |
Pt3 | IT-031-NA025 [43] | M | 33 | 65 | 32 | ex2del/ex2-4del | 4 | 35 |
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Isgrò, C.; Spagnuolo, L.; Pannucci, E.; Mondello, L.; Santi, L.; Dugo, L.; Sardanelli, A.M. Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 12774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112774
Isgrò C, Spagnuolo L, Pannucci E, Mondello L, Santi L, Dugo L, Sardanelli AM. Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(21):12774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112774
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsgrò, Camilla, Ludovica Spagnuolo, Elisa Pannucci, Luigi Mondello, Luca Santi, Laura Dugo, and Anna Maria Sardanelli. 2022. "Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21: 12774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112774