The Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/Hydrolase Gene XTH22/TCH4 Regulates Plant Growth by Disrupting the Cell Wall Homeostasis in Arabidopsis under Boron Deficiency
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. TCH4 Expression Pattern and Protein Localization
2.2. TCH4 Regulates Plant’s Boron Response Independent of B Uptake
2.3. TCH4 Participates in the Reproductive Growth Regulation of Arabidopsis under B Deficiency
2.4. TCH4 Functions in Pectin Modification under B Deficiency
2.5. TCH4 Influences the Cell Wall’s Spatial Structure
2.6. TCH4 Functions in ROS Accumulation under B Deficiency
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials and Growth Conditions
4.2. Generation of pTCH4:GUS Transgenic Lines and Histochemical Assay
4.3. Subcellular Localization of AtTCH4
4.4. Construction and Transformation of Overexpression (OX) and Knockout Vector
4.5. RNA Extraction and Gene Expression Analysis
4.6. Measurement of B and Other Nutrients’ Concentrations
4.7. Extraction and Analysis of Cell Wall Components
4.8. Pectin and O2− Staining
4.9. Immunofluorescence Localization of JIM5 and JIM7
4.10. Measurements of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, PME Enzyme Activity, O2−, H2O2, and MDA Content
4.11. AFM and TEM
4.12. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, C.; He, M.; Jiang, Z.; Liu, L.; Pu, J.; Zhang, W.; Wang, S.; Xu, F. The Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/Hydrolase Gene XTH22/TCH4 Regulates Plant Growth by Disrupting the Cell Wall Homeostasis in Arabidopsis under Boron Deficiency. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031250
Zhang C, He M, Jiang Z, Liu L, Pu J, Zhang W, Wang S, Xu F. The Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/Hydrolase Gene XTH22/TCH4 Regulates Plant Growth by Disrupting the Cell Wall Homeostasis in Arabidopsis under Boron Deficiency. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031250
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Cheng, Mingliang He, Zhexuan Jiang, Lan Liu, Junbao Pu, Wenjun Zhang, Sheliang Wang, and Fangsen Xu. 2022. "The Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/Hydrolase Gene XTH22/TCH4 Regulates Plant Growth by Disrupting the Cell Wall Homeostasis in Arabidopsis under Boron Deficiency" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031250