Embedded Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Spheroids Enhance Cementogenic Differentiation via Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. rhPAI-1 Enhances Cementogenic Differentiation of HPLSCs in 2D Culture
2.2. rhPAI-1 Induces Cementoblastic Spheroids Embedded in Collagen Gel
2.3. rhPAI-1 Promotes Interplay between HPLSC Spheroids and Collagenous ECM
2.4. CEMP1 Expression Is Elevated in Embedded HPLSC Spheroids Treated with rhPAI-1
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture
4.2. Collagen-Embedded HPLSC Spheroids
4.3. Western Blot Analysis
4.4. Immunocytochemistry Analysis
4.5. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S (ARS) Staining
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yasunaga, M.; Ishikawa, H.; Tamaoki, S.; Maeda, H.; Ohno, J. Embedded Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Spheroids Enhance Cementogenic Differentiation via Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 2340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23042340
Yasunaga M, Ishikawa H, Tamaoki S, Maeda H, Ohno J. Embedded Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Spheroids Enhance Cementogenic Differentiation via Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(4):2340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23042340
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasunaga, Madoka, Hiroyuki Ishikawa, Sachio Tamaoki, Hidefumi Maeda, and Jun Ohno. 2022. "Embedded Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Spheroids Enhance Cementogenic Differentiation via Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 4: 2340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23042340