Released ATP Mediates Spermatozoa Chemotaxis Promoted by Uterus-Derived Factor (UDF) in Ascaris suum
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of Uterus-Derived Factor (UDF)
2.2. UDF Binds Spermatozoa but Not Spermatids
2.3. UDF Induces ATP to Release from Spermatozoa and Released ATP Is Essential for Sperm Chemotaxis Promoted by UDF
2.4. UDF Elevates Protein Serine Phosphorylation Level of Spermatozoa
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Preparation and Purification of UDF
4.2. UDF Binding Assays
4.3. Transwell Chemotaxis Assays
4.4. Intracellular and Extracellular ATP Measurements
4.5. Quinacrine and FM 1-43 Labeling
4.6. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Measurement
4.7. Immunoblot
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wang, Q.; He, R.; Zhang, Q.; Shan, J.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, X. Released ATP Mediates Spermatozoa Chemotaxis Promoted by Uterus-Derived Factor (UDF) in Ascaris suum. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 4069. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23074069
Wang Q, He R, Zhang Q, Shan J, Zhao Y, Wang X. Released ATP Mediates Spermatozoa Chemotaxis Promoted by Uterus-Derived Factor (UDF) in Ascaris suum. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(7):4069. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23074069
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Qiushi, Ruijun He, Qi Zhang, Jin Shan, Yanmei Zhao, and Xia Wang. 2022. "Released ATP Mediates Spermatozoa Chemotaxis Promoted by Uterus-Derived Factor (UDF) in Ascaris suum" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7: 4069. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23074069