Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spontaneous Abortion: A Global Network and System Perspective
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pathogenesis of SA
3. miRNAs and Spontaneous Abortion
3.1. Overview of miRNAs
3.2. miRNAs Affect SA by Regulating Apoptosis
3.3. miRNAs Are Key Regulators in the Physiological Processes of the Placenta
3.4. miRNAs Participate in the Regulation of Immunity
4. lncRNAs and Spontaneous Abortion
4.1. Overview of lncRNAs
4.2. lncRNAs Regulate Target mRNAs Directly
4.3. lncRNAs Regulate Target miRNAs to Regulate Their Downstream Target mRNAs
5. circRNAs and Spontaneous Abortion
5.1. Overview of circRNAs
5.2. circRNAs and SA
6. ceRNA Network in SA: A Systematic Perspective to Elucidate the Regulation of SA by ncRNAs
6.1. LncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs Network
6.2. CircRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs Network
6.3. lncRNAs/circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs Network
7. Conclusions and Perspective
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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miRNA Names | Expression in SA | Target | Tissue | Function | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MiR-93 | Upregulation | BCL2L2 | Chorionic villi, trophoblast | Promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis | [40] |
MiR-19b | Upregulation | PTEN | Placental villi | Regulates abnormal cellular invasion and apoptosis | [41] |
MiR-494 | Downregulation | PTEN | Placental villi | Regulates abnormal cellular invasion and apoptosis | [41] |
MiR-365 | Upregulation | SGK1 | Decidua | Regulates cellular apoptosis | [43] |
MiR-199B-5p | Upregulation | SGK1 | Decidua | Regulates cellular apoptosis | [44] |
MiR-520 | Upregulation | PARP1 | Trophoblast | Promotes DNA damage-induced apoptosis | [45] |
MiR-27A-3p | Upregulation | USP25 | Trophoblast | Regulates the process of EMT, cell invasion, and migration | [48] |
MiR-16 | Upregulation | VEGF | Placenta | Regulates angiogenesis and development | [49] |
MiR-219a | Downregulation | VEGFR2 | Trophoblast | Negative regulation of cellular proliferation and invasion | [26] |
MiR-155-5p | Downregulation | NF-kB pathway | Decidual stroma | Promotes cellular growth and proliferation and inhibits apoptosis | [25] |
MiR-34a-3p/5p | Upregulation | P53 | NK cells | Regulates cellular apoptosis and proliferation | [57,58] |
MiR-141-3p/5p | Upregulation | PTEN | NK cells | Regulates cellular apoptosis and proliferation | [57,61] |
MiR-24 | Downregulation | IFNG | NK cells | Regulates cellular apoptosis and proliferation | [57,59,60] |
Hsa-miR-5787 | Upregulation | EIF5 | NK cells | Inhibits cellular growth | [62,63] |
MiR-103 | Downregulation | STAT1/IRF1 pathway | M1 macrophages | Negative regulation of cellular polarization | [64] |
MiR-146a/b-5p | Upregulation | TRAF6 | M1 macrophages | Inhibits EMT and maintains cellular interaction | [65] |
RNA Names | Expression in SA | Target | Tissue | Function | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
H19 | Downregulation | GPX4 | Placental villi | Regulates invasion and migration, and may be related to ferroptosis. | [80] |
Let-7 | Competes with miRNA let-7 to control the target gene ITGB3 | [93,94] | |||
PVT1 | Downregulation | MTOR | Trophoblast | Control apoptosis, adhesion, and invasion through the mTOR pathway. | [82,83] |
MiR-424 | Regulate the function of trophoblast cells through the PVT1/miR-424/eIF5A pathway | [83] | |||
HOTAIR | Downregulation | PI3K-AKT | Trophoblast | Promotes the production of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and enhances cell invasion | [84,85] |
MALAT1 | Downregulation | FBXW7 | Trophoblast | Inhibits SA by playing a key role in the P53-MALAT1-FBXW7-CRY2 axis. | [88,89] |
Lnc-49a | Downregulation | CD49a | DNK cells | Impedes SA by regulating the expression of CD49a | [90] |
RP11-115N4.1 | Upregulation | PARP1 | Peripheral blood | Inhibits the migration of trophoblast cells by increasing HSP70 and HNRNPH3. | [74] |
MEG8 | Upregulation | Unknown | Chorion villi | Inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in trophoblast cell lines | [91] |
LNC-SLC4A1-1 | Upregulation | CXCL8 | URSA Villi | Intensifies trophoblast cell inflammation by activating CXCL8 | [92] |
SNHG7-1 | Upregulation | MiR-34a | Placental villi | Promotes the occur-rence of RSA via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | [95] |
Lnc-HZ04 | Upregulation | MiR-hz04 | Villi | Weakens the decreasing effect of miR-hz04 on inositol IP3R1 expression and stability | [28] |
CIRC-ZUFSP | Upregulation | MiR-203 | Trophoblast | Inhibits migration and invasion of trophoblast cells through the CIRC-ZUFSP/miR-203/STOX1 pathway | [96] |
CIRCPUM1 | Downregulation | MiR-30a-5p | Placenta | Promotes trophoblast cell processes and anti-inflammatory effects through the miR-30a-5p/JunB axis | [31] |
CircFOXP1 | Downregulation | MiR-143-3p | Trophoblast | Regulates the function of trophoblast cells via the miR-143-3p/S100A11 pathway | [30] |
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Gan, J.; Gu, T.; Yang, H.; Ao, Z.; Cai, G.; Hong, L.; Wu, Z. Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spontaneous Abortion: A Global Network and System Perspective. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 4214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084214
Gan J, Gu T, Yang H, Ao Z, Cai G, Hong L, Wu Z. Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spontaneous Abortion: A Global Network and System Perspective. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(8):4214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084214
Chicago/Turabian StyleGan, Jianyu, Ting Gu, Huaqiang Yang, Zheng Ao, Gengyuan Cai, Linjun Hong, and Zhenfang Wu. 2022. "Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spontaneous Abortion: A Global Network and System Perspective" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 8: 4214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084214