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Volume 23
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10.3390/ijms23095067
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Article

The Energy Transfer Yield between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Peridinin Chlorophyll a Protein Is Robust against Mutations

by
Francesco Tumbarello
1,
Giampaolo Marcolin
1,
Elisa Fresch
1,
Eckhard Hofmann
2,
Donatella Carbonera
1 and
Elisabetta Collini
1,*
1
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
2
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 5067; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095067
Submission received: 6 April 2022 / Revised: 29 April 2022 / Accepted: 29 April 2022 / Published: 3 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Natural and Artificial Photosynthesis)
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Abstract

The energy transfer (ET) from carotenoids (Cars) to chlorophylls (Chls) in photosynthetic complexes occurs with almost unitary efficiency thanks to the synergistic action of multiple finely tuned channels whose photophysics and dynamics are not fully elucidated yet. We investigated the energy flow from the Car peridinin (Per) to Chl a in the peridinin chlorophyll a protein (PCP) from marine algae Amphidinium carterae by using two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) with a 10 fs temporal resolution. Recently debated hypotheses regarding the S2-to-S1 relaxation of the Car via a conical intersection and the involvement of possible intermediate states in the ET were examined. The comparison with an N89L mutant carrying the Per donor in a lower-polarity environment helped us unveil relevant details on the mechanisms through which excitation was transferred: the ET yield was conserved even when a mutation perturbed the optimization of the system thanks to the coexistence of multiple channels exploited during the process.
Keywords: photosynthesis; light harvesting; energy transfer; carotenoid; peridinin; chlorophyll; PCP; N89L; two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy; 2DES photosynthesis; light harvesting; energy transfer; carotenoid; peridinin; chlorophyll; PCP; N89L; two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy; 2DES

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tumbarello, F.; Marcolin, G.; Fresch, E.; Hofmann, E.; Carbonera, D.; Collini, E. The Energy Transfer Yield between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Peridinin Chlorophyll a Protein Is Robust against Mutations. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 5067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095067

AMA Style

Tumbarello F, Marcolin G, Fresch E, Hofmann E, Carbonera D, Collini E. The Energy Transfer Yield between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Peridinin Chlorophyll a Protein Is Robust against Mutations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(9):5067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095067

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tumbarello, Francesco, Giampaolo Marcolin, Elisa Fresch, Eckhard Hofmann, Donatella Carbonera, and Elisabetta Collini. 2022. "The Energy Transfer Yield between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Peridinin Chlorophyll a Protein Is Robust against Mutations" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9: 5067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095067

APA Style

Tumbarello, F., Marcolin, G., Fresch, E., Hofmann, E., Carbonera, D., & Collini, E. (2022). The Energy Transfer Yield between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Peridinin Chlorophyll a Protein Is Robust against Mutations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(9), 5067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095067

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