Chaperone-Dependent Mechanisms as a Pharmacological Target for Neuroprotection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Chaperone-Dependent Mechanisms of Proteostasis Maintenance
2.1. Mechanisms of ER Stress and Unfolded Protein Response
2.2. BiP Chaperone Contribution to UPR Regulation
2.3. Sigma1R Chaperone Contribution to UPR Regulation
3. Alzheimer’s Disease
3.1. Sigma1R Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
3.1.1. Relation of Sigma1R to AD Pathogenesis in Clinical Trials
3.1.2. Sigma1R and the Effects of the Chaperone Regulation in AD Modelling by Aβ Peptides Administration
3.1.3. Sigma1R and the Effects of the Chaperone Regulation in Transgenic Models of AD
3.2. BiP Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
3.2.1. Relation of BiP to AD Pathogenesis in Clinical Trials
3.2.2. BiP Expression in AD Modeling with Aβ Peptides
3.2.3. BiP Expression in Transgenic Models of AD
3.3. Sigma1R and BiP Chaperones in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease, Summary
4. Parkinson’s Disease
4.1. Sigma1R Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease
4.1.1. Relation of Sigma1R to PD Pathogenesis in Clinical Trials
4.1.2. Relation of Sigmar1 Gene Downregulation to the Development of Parkinsonism
4.1.3. Sigma1R Expression and Effects of Its Ligands in PD Models
4.2. BiP Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease
4.2.1. Relation of BiP to PD Pathogenesis in Clinical Trials
4.2.2. BiP Expression in Genetic Models of PD
4.2.3. BiP Expression in 6-OHDA Models of PD
4.2.4. BiP Expression in MPTP and MPP+ Models of PD
4.2.5. BiP Expression in Rotenone Models of PD
4.3. Sigma1R and BiP Chaperones in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease, Summary
5. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
5.1. Sigma1R Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
5.1.1. Sigma1R Expression in Motoneurons of Patients with ALS
5.1.2. Motor Neuron Dysfunction Caused by Inactivation of the Sigmar1 Gene
5.1.3. Disorders Induced by ALS-Causative Mutations in the SIGMAR1 Gene
5.1.4. Sigma1R Expression and Effects of Ligands of the Chaperone in ALS Models
5.2. BiP Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
5.2.1. BiP Expression in Cells of Patients with ALS
5.2.2. BiP Expression in Experimental Models of ALS
5.3. Sigma1R and BiP Chaperones in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Summary
6. Huntington’s Disease
6.1. Sigma1R Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Huntington’s Disease
6.1.1. Sigma1R Expression in HD Patients’ Brain and in Experimental Disease Models
6.1.2. Effects of Sigma1R Ligands in Experimental Models of HD
6.2. BiP Chaperone in the Pathogenesis of Huntington’s Disease
6.3. Sigma1R and BiP Chaperones in the Pathogenesis of Huntington’s Disease, Summary
7. Sigma1R-Dependent Neuroprotective Mechanisms Caused by UPR Signaling Regulation
7.1. Features of the Neuroprotective Action of Sigma1R Ligands
7.2. Contribution of Sigma1R-Dependent MAM Regulation to Neuroprotective Activity
7.3. Contribution of Sigma1R-Dependent Regulation of UPR and BDNF Signaling to Neuroprotective Activity
7.4. Contribution of Sigma1R-Dependent Regulation of UPR and Neuroinflammation to Neuroprotective Activity
7.5. Possible Role of BiP in Sigma1R-Dependent Neuroprotection
8. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
6-OHDA | 6-hydroxydopamine; 5-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2,4-triol |
Aβ | Amyloid-β |
AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
ALS | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
ATF4 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 |
ATF6 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha |
BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
Bdnf | Rodent BDNF gene |
BiP | Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP; GRP78 |
CHOP | DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein |
D2 receptor | dopamine receptor D2 |
eIF2α | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit-α |
ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
ERAD | Endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation |
FAD | Familiar Alzheimer’s disease |
GRP75 | Stress-70 protein, mitochondrial |
HD | Huntington’s disease |
HSPA5 | Human heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 gene; human chaperone BiP gene |
Hspa5 | Rodent heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 gene; rodent chaperone BiP gene |
hSOD1 | Human Superoxide dismutase 1 |
iNOS | Nitric oxide synthase, inducible |
IP3R3 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 |
IRE1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 |
LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
LTP | Long-term potentiation |
MAM | Mitochondria-associated membrane |
MERC | mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact |
miRNA | Small non-coding microRNA |
MPP+ | 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridin-1-ium |
MPTP | 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine |
nNOS | Nitric oxide synthase, brain |
NMDA | (2R)-2-(methylamino)butanedioic acid |
NO | Nitric oxide |
PBMCs | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
PD | Parkinson’s disease |
PERK | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 |
PET | Positron emission tomography |
SAD | Sporadic Alzheimer’s disease |
Sigma1R | Sigma nonopioid intracellular receptor 1; chaperon Sigma1R |
SIGMAR1 | Human Sigma1R gene |
Sigmar1 | Rodent Sigma1R gene |
sigmar1 | Zebrafish Sigma1R gene |
SN | Substantia nigra |
SNc | Substantia nigra pars compacta |
SOD1 | Superoxide dismutase 1; Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] |
SSRI | Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
TDP-43 | TAR DNA-binding protein 43 |
trkB | BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor; neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 |
UPR | Unfolded protein response |
VAPB | Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C |
VDAC1 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 |
XBP1 | X-box-binding protein 1 |
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Voronin, M.V.; Abramova, E.V.; Verbovaya, E.R.; Vakhitova, Y.V.; Seredenin, S.B. Chaperone-Dependent Mechanisms as a Pharmacological Target for Neuroprotection. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010823
Voronin MV, Abramova EV, Verbovaya ER, Vakhitova YV, Seredenin SB. Chaperone-Dependent Mechanisms as a Pharmacological Target for Neuroprotection. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(1):823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010823
Chicago/Turabian StyleVoronin, Mikhail V., Elena V. Abramova, Ekaterina R. Verbovaya, Yulia V. Vakhitova, and Sergei B. Seredenin. 2023. "Chaperone-Dependent Mechanisms as a Pharmacological Target for Neuroprotection" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1: 823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010823