MYD88 and Proinflammatory Chemokines in Aortic Atheromatosis: Exploring Novel Statin Effects
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of Atherogenesis and Statin Therapy on Aortic Cytokine mRNA Expression
2.1.1. Thoracic Aorta
2.1.2. Abdominal Aorta
2.2. Correlations between MYD88 and Other Biomarkers during Aortic Atherogenesis and Statin Treatment
3. Discussion
4. Methods
4.1. Animal Experimental Protocol
4.2. mRNA Analysis of Rabbit Aortic Tissue
4.3. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Thoracic | ||||||||
Groups | C90 | G30 | G60 | G90 | C120 | G120 | GF120 | GR 120 |
N | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
MYD88 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.19 | 0.84 | 1.99 | 2.28 | 0.49 | 4.81 | 3.94 | 1.59 |
SD | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.40 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.46 | 0.49 | 0.23 |
NF-kB | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 1.70 | 4.21 | 6.49 | 0.17 | 11.44 | 10.15 | 9.18 |
SD | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.04 | 2.25 | 1.80 | 1.63 |
CCL4 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 6.78 | 8.92 | 12.06 | 0.18 | 16.03 | 12.58 | 6.11 |
SD | 0.03 | 0.92 | 0.93 | 2.05 | 0.05 | 1.80 | 1.42 | 0.99 |
CCL20 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 9.20 | 12.45 | 16.23 | 0.20 | 20.75 | 18.26 | 15.84 |
SD | 0.03 | 0.65 | 1.80 | 1.87 | 0.03 | 1.81 | 2.68 | 3.06 |
CCR2 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.19 | 9.02 | 11.85 | 17.14 | 0.18 | 20.29 | 3.51 | 2.36 |
SD | 0.02 | 0.74 | 1.17 | 1.76 | 0.06 | 2.60 | 1.55 | 1.09 |
IFNβ | ||||||||
Mean | 0.16 | 2.87 | 3.19 | 3.21 | 0.18 | 7.16 | 3.25 | 1.55 |
SD | 0.04 | 0.70 | 0.56 | 0.43 | 0.03 | 0.99 | 0.11 | 0.24 |
IFNγ | ||||||||
Mean | 0.15 | 1.37 | 2.38 | 2.66 | 0.17 | 2.84 | 1.58 | 1.33 |
SD | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.04 | 0.35 | 0.47 | 0.34 |
TNFα | ||||||||
Mean | 0.25 | 5.25 | 7.39 | 12.98 | 0.19 | 15.76 | 11.49 | 8.55 |
SD | 0.17 | 1.02 | 0.45 | 0.88 | 0.04 | 0.90 | 1.75 | 0.87 |
Ilb | ||||||||
Mean | 0.14 | 4.48 | 6.73 | 7.43 | 0.13 | 11.46 | 5.05 | 3.43 |
SD | 0.04 | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.99 | 0.06 | 1.69 | 1.00 | 0.74 |
IL-2 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 13.91 | 15.27 | 20.04 | 0.17 | 24.25 | 13.82 | 7.62 |
SD | 0.01 | 1.69 | 1.72 | 2.47 | 0.05 | 1.83 | 0.99 | 1.61 |
IL-4 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.13 | 10.50 | 14.27 | 21.83 | 0.15 | 30.30 | 12.39 | 10.78 |
SD | 0.02 | 2.42 | 2.59 | 2.04 | 0.03 | 3.53 | 3.09 | 1.92 |
IL-8 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.17 | 2.86 | 5.38 | 8.25 | 0.22 | 10.10 | 8.76 | 7.55 |
SD | 0.05 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.74 | 0.05 | 1.62 | 1.90 | 1.74 |
IL-10 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.17 | 3.14 | 4.41 | 5.91 | 0.18 | 6.63 | 4.88 | 2.71 |
SD | 0.01 | 1.16 | 0.70 | 0.99 | 0.02 | 1.20 | 1.53 | 0.73 |
IL-18 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.20 | 1.20 | 1.66 | 2.65 | 0.19 | 3.15 | 2.10 | 1.91 |
SD | 0.01 | 0.63 | 0.57 | 1.11 | 0.03 | 1.05 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
Abdominal | ||||||||
Groups | C90 | G30 | G60 | G90 | C120 | G120 | GF120 | GR 120 |
N | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
MYD88 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.16 | 0.55 | 0.44 | 1.27 | 0.18 | 2.61 | 2.01 | 1.76 |
SD | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.35 | 0.06 | 0.44 | 0.40 | 0.28 |
NF-kB | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 1.25 | 2.57 | 3.88 | 0.16 | 9.82 | 8.32 | 8.26 |
SD | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 1.89 | 2.05 | 1.35 |
CCL4 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.17 | 5.37 | 7.21 | 8.55 | 0.17 | 9.66 | 8.39 | 7.52 |
SD | 0.02 | 1.09 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 0.05 | 1.63 | 1.60 | 1.42 |
CCL20 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 7.06 | 10.4 | 13.83 | 0.22 | 17.33 | 12.70 | 6.21 |
SD | 0.03 | 2.48 | 1.00 | 2.24 | 0.07 | 2.32 | 5.72 | 1.15 |
CCR2 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.19 | 5.88 | 7.45 | 12.16 | 0.18 | 16.84 | 4.31 | 1.98 |
SD | 0.02 | 1.56 | 0.91 | 1.57 | 0.04 | 1.36 | 1.53 | 0.6 |
IFNβ | ||||||||
Mean | 0.16 | 1.96 | 2.36 | 2.40 | 0.18 | 5.37 | 2.61 | 1.35 |
SD | 0.02 | 0.44 | 0.33 | 0.50 | 0.03 | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.20 |
IFNγ | ||||||||
Mean | 0.16 | 0.88 | 1.50 | 1.60 | 0.17 | 5.91 | 1.72 | 1.57 |
SD | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.03 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.23 |
TNFα | ||||||||
Mean | 0.30 | 347 | 514 | 9.88 | 0.27 | 12.98 | 11.58 | 10.58 |
SD | 0.19 | 0.47 | 0.76 | 1.06 | 0.16 | 1.40 | 1.34 | 1.22 |
Ilb | ||||||||
Mean | 0.12 | 2.11 | 2.60 | 4.36 | 0.17 | 5.69 | 2.85 | 2.22 |
SD | 0.04 | 0.54 | 0.44 | 0.69 | 0.05 | 0.46 | 0.82 | 0.44 |
IL-2 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.15 | 10.35 | 12.50 | 14.50 | 0.22 | 15.67 | 13.22 | 6.31 |
SD | 0.03 | 1.30 | 1.37 | 1.51 | 0.07 | 2.25 | 2.16 | 1.66 |
IL-4 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.12 | 9.59 | 12.27 | 14.42 | 0.15 | 15.92 | 13.65 | 8.96 |
SD | 0.03 | 0.67 | 1.36 | 2.48 | 0.04 | 1.87 | 2.48 | 1.45 |
IL-8 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.173 | 2.08 | 3.38 | 5.13 | 0.19 | 7.01 | 7.06 | 5.08 |
SD | 0.02 | 0.89 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.04 | 1.72 | 0.70 | 0.83 |
IL-10 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.19 | 2.33 | 3.10 | 4.1 | 0.18 | 4.71 | 3.18 | 1.53 |
SD | 0.01 | 1.15 | 1.16 | 0.83 | 0.02 | 0.71 | 0.89 | 0.79 |
IL-18 | ||||||||
Mean | 0.18 | 0.54 | 1.44 | 1.90 | 0.17 | 2.33 | 1.83 | 1.45 |
SD | 0.03 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.76 | 0.03 | 0.76 | 0.65 | 0.89 |
MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group | G30 | G60 | G90 | G120 | GF120 | GR120 |
Biomarker | ||||||
NFKB | −0.04 | +0.001 | +0.04 | −0.09 | ||
(−0.82) | (0.45) | (0.81) | (−0.64) | |||
CCL4 | −0.02 | |||||
(−0.881) | ||||||
CCL20 | +0.02 | 0.01 | ||||
(0.86) | (0.89) | |||||
CCR2 | +0.03 | +0.04 | ||||
(−0.85) | (0.82) | |||||
IFNβ | +0.01 | |||||
(0.89) | ||||||
IFNγ | ||||||
TNFa | ||||||
ILb | +0.02 | −0.01 | ||||
(0.86) | (−0.91) | |||||
IL2 | ||||||
IL4 | −0.02 | |||||
(−0.86) | ||||||
IL8 | ||||||
IL10 | ||||||
IL18 | +0.02 | +0.03 | ||||
(0.86) | (0.83) |
MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | MYD88 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group | G30 | G60 | G90 | G120 | GF120 | GR120 |
Biomarker | ||||||
NFKB | ||||||
CCL4 | ||||||
CCL20 | 0.001 | |||||
(0.97) | ||||||
CCR2 | ||||||
IFNβ | ||||||
IFNγ | ||||||
TNFa | ||||||
ILb | +0.02 | |||||
(0.50) | ||||||
IL2 | ||||||
IL4 | −0.008 | +0.04 | 0.04 | |||
(−0.92) | (0.81) | (−0.82) | ||||
IL8 | ||||||
IL10 | ||||||
IL18 | +0.01 | |||||
(0.89) |
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Mylonas, K.S.; Peroulis, M.; Schizas, D.; Kapelouzou, A. MYD88 and Proinflammatory Chemokines in Aortic Atheromatosis: Exploring Novel Statin Effects. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9248. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119248
Mylonas KS, Peroulis M, Schizas D, Kapelouzou A. MYD88 and Proinflammatory Chemokines in Aortic Atheromatosis: Exploring Novel Statin Effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(11):9248. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119248
Chicago/Turabian StyleMylonas, Konstantinos S., Michail Peroulis, Dimitrios Schizas, and Alkistis Kapelouzou. 2023. "MYD88 and Proinflammatory Chemokines in Aortic Atheromatosis: Exploring Novel Statin Effects" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11: 9248. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119248