Anti-Tumor Immunity and Preoperative Radiovaccination: Emerging New Concepts in the Treatment of Breast Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy for BC
3. Unveiling the Role of the Immune Response in pCR
4. Toward ICIs in Combination with NACT
5. Investigative Policies to Reverse Immunological “Coldness”
6. Radiovaccination as a Means of Enhancing the Immunological Response
7. Clinical Experience with Preoperative RT
8. Toward Radiovaccination-Oriented Neoadjuvant Immuno-RT (NA-IRT)
9. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author/Year/Reference | No Patients | Randomized Groups | Systemic Therapy | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fisher et al. and Wolmark et al. NSABP B-18 trial (1997 and 2001) [4,5] | 1523 | Preoperative vs. postoperative chemotherapy | Four cycles of AC |
|
van der Hage et al. EORTC 10902 trial (2001) [6] | 698 | Preoperative vs. postoperative chemotherapy | FEC chemotherapy |
|
Rastogi et al. NSABP-B-18 and B-27 trial (2008) [7] | 1560 | Preoperative chemotherapy with or without docetaxel | AC and docetaxel followed by surgery vs. AC followed by surgery and postoperative docetaxel |
|
von Minckwitz et al. GEPARDUO trial (2005) [8] | 913 | Preoperative chemotherapy with or without docetaxel | Doxorubicin and docetaxel vs. AC followed by docetaxel |
|
Gianni et al. European Cooperative Trial (2009) [9] | 1355 | Preoperative vs. postoperative chemotherapy | Surgery followed by docetaxel and CMF vs. surgery followed by paclitaxel/doxorubicin and CMF vs. NACT with paclitaxel/doxorubicin and CMF |
|
Sikov et al. GALGB 40603 (2015) [11] | 443 TNBCs | All patients received NACT. Randomized according to the addition of bevacizumab | NACT with paclitaxel followed by AC with or without paclitaxel and/or Bevacizumab |
|
von Minckwitz et al. GBG 66 trial (2014) [12] | 296 TNBCs and HER2+ carcinomas | All patients received NACT. Randomized according to the administration of carboplatin | NACT with paclitaxel/liposomal doxorubicin with bevacizumab (TNBCs) or Herceptin/lapatinib (HER2+ cases) with or without carboplatin |
|
Schmid et al. KEYNOTE-522 trial (2020, 2022) [19,20] | 1174 TNBCs | All patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy. Randomized according to the administration of pembrolizumab | NACT with AC with or without pembrolizumab |
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Nanda et al. I-SPY2 trial (2020) [21] | 250 MammaPrint-high-risk luminal/HER2− BC and TNBC | All patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy. Randomized according to the administration of pembrolizumab | Taxane- and anthracycline-based NACT with or without pembrolizumab |
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Mittendorf et al. IMpassion 031 trial (2020) [22] | 333 TNBCs | All patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy. Randomized according to the administration of atezolizumab | NACT with Nab-paclitaxel followed by AC with or without atezolizumab |
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Koukourakis, I.M.; Papadimitriou, M.; Desse, D.; Zygogianni, A.; Papadimitriou, C. Anti-Tumor Immunity and Preoperative Radiovaccination: Emerging New Concepts in the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119310
Koukourakis IM, Papadimitriou M, Desse D, Zygogianni A, Papadimitriou C. Anti-Tumor Immunity and Preoperative Radiovaccination: Emerging New Concepts in the Treatment of Breast Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(11):9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119310
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoukourakis, Ioannis M., Marios Papadimitriou, Dimitra Desse, Anna Zygogianni, and Christos Papadimitriou. 2023. "Anti-Tumor Immunity and Preoperative Radiovaccination: Emerging New Concepts in the Treatment of Breast Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11: 9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119310