Pharmacotechnical, Physico-Chemical, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Newly Developed Capsule Formulations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Physical and Chemical Evaluation
2.1.1. FTIR Analysis
2.1.2. XRD Analysis
2.1.3. Thermogravimetric Analysis
2.1.4. SEM Analysis
2.2. Preformulation and Formulation Studies of the Capsules
2.3. Capsules Content Antioxidant Activity
2.3.1. DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity
2.3.2. ABTS Radical Scavenging Activity
2.3.3. FRAP Assay
2.3.4. Capsules Quality Control
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Methods
4.2.1. Preformulation Studies of the Capsules
4.2.2. Formulation and Preparation of the Filling Materials for Capsules
4.2.3. Physical and Chemical Characterization
4.2.4. Capsules Content Properties
ABTS Radical Scavenging Activity
DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity
FRAP Assay
4.2.5. Final Capsules Manufacturing and Quality Control
Mass Uniformity
In Vitro Disintegration Time
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | F1a.i. | F2a.i. | F1c.c. | F2c.c. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Flow time (s) * | 21.4 ± 1.76 | 23.6 ± 3.21 | 14.7 ± 2.37 | 15.3 ± 2.04 |
Angle of repose (θ°) * | 40.26 ± 2.69 | 43.12 ± 3.16 | 27.85 ± 2.12 | 28.34 ± 1.97 |
Flow rate (g/s) * | 2.336 | 2.118 | 3.401 | 3.267 |
Bulk density (g/mL) | 0.588 ± 0.26 | 0.589 ± 0.55 | 0.551 ± 0.18 | 0.602 ± 0.25 |
Tapped density (g/mL) | 0.833 ± 0.34 | 0.884 ± 0.41 | 0.713 ± 0.22 | 0.806 ± 0.12 |
Carr Index (CI) (%) | 29.411 | 33.48 | 22.72 | 25.31 |
Hausner’s ratio (HR) | 1.417 | 1.500 | 1.29 | 1.33 |
Moisture content (%) | 3.95 ± 1.12 | 5.67 ± 2.23 | 3.04 ± 0.85 | 5.18 ± 1.93 |
Tested Parameters * | Formulation Code | |
---|---|---|
F1c.c. | F2c.c. | |
Mass uniformity (mg) | 483.17 ± 3.64 | 480.31 ± 4.29 |
In vitro disintegration time (s) | 458 ± 3 | 672 ± 7 |
Ingredients | Quantity (mg)/Capsule | Role in Formulation | |
---|---|---|---|
F1c.c. | F2c.c. | ||
Melatonin | 5 | - | Active ingredient |
Biotin | 10 | 10 | Active ingredient |
Coenzyme Q10 | 300 | 100 | Active ingredient |
Quercetin | - | 100 | Active ingredient |
Resveratrol | - | 100 | Active ingredient |
Avicel PH 102—Microcrystalline cellulose | 155 | 160 | Filler |
Explotab®—Sodium starch glycolate | 10 | 10 | Superdisintegrant |
Ligamed® MF-2-V—Magnesium stearate | 5 | 5 | Lubricant |
Total | 485 | 485 |
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Ozon, E.A.; Iuga, I.D.M.; Mititelu, M.; Musuc, A.M.; Manolescu, B.N.; Petrescu, S.; Cusu, J.P.; Rusu, A.; Surdu, V.-A.; Oprea, E.; et al. Pharmacotechnical, Physico-Chemical, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Newly Developed Capsule Formulations. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 11426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411426
Ozon EA, Iuga IDM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Manolescu BN, Petrescu S, Cusu JP, Rusu A, Surdu V-A, Oprea E, et al. Pharmacotechnical, Physico-Chemical, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Newly Developed Capsule Formulations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(14):11426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411426
Chicago/Turabian StyleOzon, Emma Adriana, Izabela Dana Maria Iuga, Magdalena Mititelu, Adina Magdalena Musuc, Bogdan Nicolae Manolescu, Simona Petrescu, Jeanina Pandele Cusu, Adriana Rusu, Vasile-Adrian Surdu, Eliza Oprea, and et al. 2023. "Pharmacotechnical, Physico-Chemical, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Newly Developed Capsule Formulations" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14: 11426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411426