MIC19 Exerts Neuroprotective Role via Maintaining the Mitochondrial Structure in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. General Observations
2.2. MIC19 Expression Increases in Brain Tissues and Primary-Cultured Cortical Neurons after ICH Induction
2.3. MIC19 Overexpression Alleviates ICH-Induced Neurodegeneration and Neuronal Apoptosis in Rats
2.4. Overexpression of MIC19 Reverses ICH-Induced Mitochondrial Damage in Rats
2.5. Overexpression of MIC19 Improves Behavioral Deficits in Rats after ICH Induction
2.6. Overexpression of MIC19 Inhabits Oxidative Stress Induced by ICH and Enhances Cytochrome c Oxidase Activity in Rats
2.7. Overexpression of MIC19 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Neurons
2.8. Overexpression of MIC19 Inhabits Collapsed Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Oxidative Stress Induced by OxyHb In Vitro
2.9. MIC19 Exerts Its Protective Role via Maintaining the Stability of MIC19–SAM50 Axis
3. Discussion
4. Methods and Materials
4.1. Animals
4.2. Experimental Design
4.3. Rat Model of ICH
4.4. Primary-Cultured Cortical Neurons and ICH Induction
4.5. Intracerebral Lentivirus Injections
- Sense: 5′-GTCCTCTCCATCTGGCTCTAA-3′. titer: 4.5 × 108 TU/mL;
- Sense: 5′-AACCGCACAAAGGTGAAGCAT-3′. titer: 4.5 × 108 TU/mL;
- Sense: 5′-GAGGAGCTGGCATTGGAACAA-3′. titer: 3 × 108 TU/mL (last choice).
4.6. Western Blot
4.7. Immunofluorescent Microscopy
4.8. TUNEL and FJB Staining
4.9. Electron Microscope
4.10. Mitochondrial Morphology Analysis
4.11. Neurological Scoring
4.12. Adhesive Removal Test
4.13. Rotarod Test
4.14. Morris Water Maze
4.15. Live–Dead Cellular Staining
4.16. MitoSOX Staining
4.17. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Detection
4.18. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Detection
4.19. Cytochrome c Oxidase Activity Colorimetric Assay
4.20. Co-Immunoprecipitation Analysis
4.21. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Sub-Test | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Spontaneous activity (SA) | Animal was akinetic | Animal moved slowly or minimally | Animal approached 1–2 walls | Animal approached at least 3 walls of the cage or raised on hindlimbs to explore the top of the cage |
Body proprioception (BP) | Animal had a unilateral response | Animal had either a weak bilateral response or weak left response and brisk right response | Animal had a brisk bilateral response | |
Vibrissae touch (VT) | Animal had a unilateral response | Animal had either a weak bilateral response or weak left response and brisk right response | Animal had a brisk bilateral response | |
Limb symmetry (LS) | Hemiparesis | Left forelimb or left hindlimb fixed | Asymmetric extension | All limbs were extended symmetrically |
Lateral turning (LT) | Animal had no turning at all on one side | Animal had unequal turning | Animal turned bilaterally less than 45° on both sides | Animal turned bilaterally at least 45° on both sides |
Forelimb outstretching (FO) | Animal had a paretic forelimb | Animal walked in circles | Animal walked asymmetrically or to one side | Animal briskly walked symmetrically on forepaws |
Climbing (CL) | Animal failed to climb or circled instead of climbing | Animal climbed to the top and had a weak grip or animal climbed but had a strong grip | Animal climbed to the top and had a strong grip |
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Yang, S.; Yin, X.; Wang, J.; Li, H.; Shen, H.; Sun, Q.; Li, X. MIC19 Exerts Neuroprotective Role via Maintaining the Mitochondrial Structure in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 11553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411553
Yang S, Yin X, Wang J, Li H, Shen H, Sun Q, Li X. MIC19 Exerts Neuroprotective Role via Maintaining the Mitochondrial Structure in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(14):11553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411553
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Siyuan, Xulong Yin, Jiahe Wang, Haiying Li, Haitao Shen, Qing Sun, and Xiang Li. 2023. "MIC19 Exerts Neuroprotective Role via Maintaining the Mitochondrial Structure in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14: 11553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411553